Obesity, food intake and exercise: Relationship with ghrelin

Abstract

SummaryObesity, a disorder of body composition, is defined by a relative or absolute excess of body fat. In general adult population, obesity has been associated with a diverse array of adverse health outcomes, including major causes of death such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, as well as functional impairment from problems such as osteoarthritis and sleep apnea. Ghrelin is a newly discovered peptide hormone which plays an important role in obesity. It is a powerful, endogenous orexigenic peptide and has a crucial function in appetite regulation, as well as short -and long-term energy homeostasis. In the presence of increased obesity, decreased physical activity, and high food consumption, the relationship between exercise, appetite, food intake and ghrelin levels has important implications. In this review, we discuss the effect of acute and chronic exercise performance on appetite, food intake and ghrelin and their relationships.

Effects of Physical Exercise on Cognitive Functioning and Wellbeing: Biological and Psychological Benefits

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“…PE has been widely evidenced to be an effective tool for treating several addictive and unhealthy behaviors. PE tends to reduce and prevent behaviors such as smoking, alcohol, and gambling, and to regulate the impulse for hunger and satiety (Vatansever-Ozen et al, 2011 ; Tiryaki-Sonmez et al, 2015 ). In this context, several studies evidenced substance abusers benefit from regular PE, that also helps increasing healthy behaviors (Giesen et al, 2015 ).…”

Effect of chronic high-intensity exercise on hunger and satiation and levels of acylated ghrelin and leptin in women

“…It is assumed that hormones regulating appetite, such as ghrelin, play a role in regulating calorie intake [38]. Studies conducted on obese and healthy individuals showed that ghrelin levels increased with weight loss after exercise and food restriction [40]. One of the consequences of physical activity is the increase in calorie expenditure that generates signals for ghrelin producing cells in the stomach, and these signals affect appetite regulation [27].…”

Use of the Dietary Inflammatory Index to Assess the Diet of Young Physically Active Men

“…According to existing data low physical activity and poor diet also contribute to the occurrence of chronic inflammation [ 6 ]. The link between physical inactivity and an increased risk of diseases associated with long-term inflammation has been well documented [ 7 , 8 ]. It is assumed that lack of physical activity promotes inflammation as it causes the body to store more fat, especially visceral fat [ 9 ].…”