Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes: Cardiovascular Implications and Therapy

Ezquerra, Eduardo Alegría; Castellano, José M.; Barrero, Ana

doi:10.1016/s1885-5857(08)60212-1

Cited by 39 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases worldwide with incidence predicted to reach 552 million by 2030 . Resveratrol has shown potential to control metabolic diseases including diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MS) …”

Section: Completed Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health benefits of resveratrol: Evidence from clinical studies

Singh

Verma

et al. 2019

Medicinal Research Reviews

380

238

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resveratrol is a polyphenolic nutraceutical that exhibits pleiotropic activities in human subjects. The efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol have been documented in over 244 clinical trials, with an additional 27 clinical trials currently ongoing. Resveretrol is reported to potentially improve the therapeutic outcome in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, obesity, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, multiple myeloma, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, inflammatory diseases, and rhinopharyngitis. The polyphenol is reported to be safe at doses up to 5 g/d, when used either alone or as a combination therapy. The molecular basis for the pleiotropic activities of resveratrol are based on its ability to modulate multiple cell signaling molecules such as cytokines, caspases, matrix metalloproteinases, Wnt, nuclear factor‐κB, Notch, 5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase, intercellular adhesion molecule, vascular cell adhesion molecule, sirtuin type 1, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator 1α, insulin‐like growth factor 1, insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 3, Ras association domain family 1α, pAkt, vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclooxygenase 2, nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2, and Kelch‐like ECH–associated protein 1. Although the clinical utility of resveratrol is well documented, the rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability have limited its therapeutic use. In this regard, the recently produced micronized resveratrol formulation called SRT501, shows promise. This review discusses the currently available clinical data on resveratrol in the prevention, management, and treatment of various diseases and disorders. Based on the current evidence, the potential utility of this molecule in the clinic is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Completed Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health benefits of resveratrol: Evidence from clinical studies

Singh

Verma

et al. 2019

Medicinal Research Reviews

380

238

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, all animal groups showed similar weight gain and chow intake. There is evidence that excess body adiposity can lead to a worsening of cardiovascular risk factors, including dyslipidemia [51,52], making the control of such variables extremely relevant in order to guarantee a correct interpretation of the results, avoiding, for example, an erroneous attribution of lipid profile alteration to a surgical procedure on the spleen. Some authors have increased fat content in rat chow during the post-splenectomy period in order to induce hyperlipidemia and emphasize possible alterations in the lipid profile by adding cholesterol to the commercial chow [9,17,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Lipid Levels of Rats Fed a Diet Containing Pork Fat as a Source of Lipids after Splenic Surgery

Dinis

Marques

Simões

et al. 2009

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experimental studies have suggested an important role of the spleen in lipid metabolism, although with controversial results. Our purpose was to analyze the effect of a nutritionally balanced (NB) diet and a diet containing pork fat (PF) as source of lipids on the lipid profile of rats submitted to splenic surgery. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 10 animals each: 1 sham-operated, NB diet; 2 sham-operated, PF diet; 3 total splenectomy (TS), NB diet; 4 TS, PF diet; 5 TS followed by splenic autotransplantation (SA), NB diet; and 6 SA, PF diet. Blood samples were collected at the beginning (D0) and after 12 weeks of the experiment (D + 12) for plasma lipid determination. Morphologic regeneration of splenic tissues was observed, with no differences between groups 5 and 6. When D + 12 plasma lipid levels were compared to D0 levels there were no differences in groups 1, 3, and 5, while in groups 2, 4, and 6 total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triacylglycerols (TAG) increased, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) decreased. At D + 12, groups 2, 4, and 6 had lower HDL than group 3. In conclusion, regardless of the surgical procedure applied to the spleen, an NB diet maintained plasma lipid levels while a diet with PF as source of lipids changed the animals' lipid profile.

show abstract

“…Как правило, СД 2-го типа ассоциируется с избыточной массой тела и ожирением у пациентов [13,17]. В настоящее время жировая ткань рассматривается не как инертное депо липидов в организме, а как эндокринный орган, секретирующий в кровь большое количество цитокинов и хемокинов [30].…”

Section: иммунитет и сердце при диабетеunclassified

Immunoregulatory Imbalance and Functional State of the Heart in the Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is one of the most important non-infectious diseases in the modern world, being an important risk factor of cardiovascular disorders. Changes in left ventricular myocardial diastolic function are observed in diabetic patients independently from other comorbidities. Etiology of the heart failure during diabetes mellitus type 2 is multifactorial, exhibiting cellular, molecular and metabolic aspects. However, its pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate numbers of inflammatory T lymphocytes, i.e., T helper type 1 (Th1) and T helper type 17 (Th17) cells, and FoxP3+T regulatory lymphocytes, depending on the functional state of the heart assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography in patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2. A total of twenty-five patients with a combination of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2, and 14 patients with arterial hypertension without carbohydrate disturbances were recruited to a cross-ectional case-control study. All the patients underwent echocardiography with transthoracic access at the M-mode, B-mode and Doppler mode of imaging. We evaluated numbers of Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes by intracellular production of IL-17 and IFNγ by CD4+ lymphocytes, respectively. The numbers of FoxP3+T regulatory lymphocytes were estimated by expression of CD25 and FoxP3 transcription factor. A flow cytometry approach was used in both cases. We revealed some correlations between the numbers of Th17 lymphocytes, FoxP3+T regulatory lymphocytes and functional parameters of myocardium in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, which were absent in patientswithout carbohydrate impairments. The numbers of FoxP3+T egulatory lymphocytes, Treg/Th17 lymphocyte ratio, and mean fluorescence intensity of IL-17 for Th17 cells was lower in patients with diabetes mellitus and diastolic dysfunction compared to the patients with diabetes free of diastolic dysfunction. Association of diastolic dysfunction with diabetes mellitus type 2 was accompanied by increase of IFNγ+Th1 lymphocyte numbers and concentrations of IL-10, IFNγ and TNFα in serum as compared to the patients with diastolic dysfunction in the absence of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances. The diabetic patients with diastolic dysfunction were characterized by hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, higher index of insulin resistance, increase of waist circumference and visceral adiposity index when compared to the patients with diastolic dysfunction without diabetes. Visceral obesity and decrease of insulin sensitivity may be regarded as pathogenetically significant factors for the development of immune regulatory imbalance and diastolic dysfunction in the patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

show abstract

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes: Cardiovascular Implications and Therapy

Cited by 39 publications

References 60 publications

Health benefits of resveratrol: Evidence from clinical studies

Health benefits of resveratrol: Evidence from clinical studies

Plasma Lipid Levels of Rats Fed a Diet Containing Pork Fat as a Source of Lipids after Splenic Surgery

Immunoregulatory Imbalance and Functional State of the Heart in the Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About