Obesity Promotes Oxidative Stress and Exacerbates Sepsis-induced Brain Damage

Vieira, Andriele; Michels, Monique; Florentino, Drielly; Nascimento, Diego Zapelini do; Rezin, Gislaine T.; Leffa, Daniela Dimer; Fortunato, Jucélia Jeremias; Dal‐Pizzol, Felipe; Barichello, Tatiana; Quevedo, Joao L De; Petronilho, Fabrícia

doi:10.2174/1567202612666150311111913

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…35 Oxidative stress frequently develops in obesity and has been acknowledged as the unifying mechanism underlying the development of obesity-related co-morbidities. 36 Oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury. 37 In the present study, the administration of GA significantly protected the degeneration of liver cell.…”

Section: Liver Histological Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gum Arabic on Oxidative Stress Markers in The Liver of High Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Mice

Musa¹,

Fedail²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2016

Special Publications

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Obesity is a global health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic strategies include surgery and synthetic drugs may cause high costs and serious complications. The anti-obese effect of dietary fiber is generally accepted. Gum arabic (GA) works as a dietary fiber that helps reduce body fat deposition. Yet, the effect of GA on oxidative stress in mice fed with high fat diet induced obesity has not been well studied. In the present study we fed mice either a normal diet (control), low fat diet (low), high fat diet (high) or a high fat diet supplemented with 10% w/w GA (High+gum) for 30 days. Oxidative damage to liver tissue was evaluated by measurement of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly (p<0.05) increased in GA group compared with high and low fat diet groups. Treatment with GA was significantly (p<0.05) decreased liver malondialdehyde (MDA) while increased glutathione (GSH) compared with the high or low fat diet groups. Liver of both high and low fat diet groups' mice showed marked degeneration whereas slight degeneration was observed in GA treated mice compared with the control group. The results conclude that GA may protect liver by improvement of antioxidant status.

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Section: Liver Histological Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gum Arabic on Oxidative Stress Markers in The Liver of High Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Mice

Musa¹,

Fedail²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2016

Special Publications

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“…The BBB protects the brain from sudden changes in blood components by selectively blocking toxic substances that threaten normal brain function. 17 However, excessive oxidative stress can damage the BBB 18 , 19 and result in various neurologic diseases. 20 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of aerobic exercise training on oxidant–antioxidant balance, neurotrophic factor levels, and blood–brain barrier function in obese and non-obese men

Roh

2017

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of obesity and aerobic exercise training on oxidant–antioxidant balance, neurotrophic factor levels, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) function.MethodsTen non-obese healthy men (body mass index < 25 kg/m2) and 10 obese men (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) were included in the study. Both groups performed treadmill exercise for 40 min 3 times weekly for 8 weeks at 70% heart rate reserve. Blood samples were collected to examine oxidant–antioxidant balance (reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity levels), neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor levels), and BBB function (S100β and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels) before and after exercise training.ResultsThe obese group showed significantly greater changes than the non-obese group in serum ROS (−0.46 ± 0.31 mmol/L vs. −0.10 ± 0.17 mmol/L, p = 0.005), serum S100β levels (−8.50 ± 5.92 ng/L vs. −0.78 ± 5.45 ng/L, p = 0.007), and serum NSE levels (−0.89 ± 0.54 µg/L vs. −0.01 ± 0.74 µg/L, p = 0.007) after training. At baseline, the obese group showed significantly higher serum ROS and S100β levels and significantly lower serum SOD activity and BDNF levels than the non-obese group (p < 0.05). The obese group showed significantly lower serum ROS, S100β, and NSE levels and significantly higher serum SOD activity and BDNF levels after training compared with baseline (p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results suggest that obesity can reduce serum neurotrophic factor levels and can induce BBB dysfunction. On the other hand, aerobic exercise can improve an oxidant–antioxidant imbalance in obese subjects and limit BBB dysfunction.

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“…Excess adiposity also promotes chronic low-grade inflammation and elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the brain, which have been linked with loss of hippocampal and PFC tissue [ 49 ]. Likewise, in these brain regions, obesity-induced oxidative stress prompts cell senescence, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis and inhibits the survival and growth of neurons [ 50 ]. Furthermore, excess adiposity impairs long-term potentiation (LTP), a process that enhances neural transmission and improves information processing, storage, and retrieval, and thereby promotes memory consolidation and learning [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Adiposity as a Potential Risk Factor for Lower Academic Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chilean Adolescents from Low-to-Middle Socioeconomic Background

et al. 2018

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We explored the association between excess body fat and academic performance in high school students from Santiago, Chile. In 632 16-year-olds (51% males) from low-to-middle socioeconomic status (SES), height, weight, and waist circumference were measured. Body-mass index (BMI) and BMI for age and sex were calculated. Weight status was evaluated with 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) references. Abdominal obesity was diagnosed with International Diabetes Federation (IDF) references. Total fat mass (TFM) was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). TFM values ≥25% in males and ≥35% in females were considered high adiposity. School grades were obtained from administrative records. Analysis of covariance examined the association of fatness measures with academic performance, accounting for the effect of diet and physical activity, and controlling SES background and educational confounders. We found that: (1) having obesity, abdominal obesity, or high adiposity was associated with lower school performance alone or in combination with unhealthy dietary habits or reduced time allocation for exercise; (2) high adiposity and abdominal obesity were more clearly related with lower school grades compared to obesity; (3) the association of increased fatness with lower school grades was more salient in males compared to females.

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Obesity Promotes Oxidative Stress and Exacerbates Sepsis-induced Brain Damage

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Gum Arabic on Oxidative Stress Markers in The Liver of High Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Mice

Effect of Gum Arabic on Oxidative Stress Markers in The Liver of High Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Mice

The effects of aerobic exercise training on oxidant–antioxidant balance, neurotrophic factor levels, and blood–brain barrier function in obese and non-obese men

Increased Adiposity as a Potential Risk Factor for Lower Academic Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chilean Adolescents from Low-to-Middle Socioeconomic Background

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