Ocular and adnexal rhinosporidiosis : the clinical profile and treatment outcomes in a tertiary eye care centre

Haldar

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

et al. 2016

The present paper attempts to explore the sociodemographic profile of patients with rhinosporidiosis in an endemic area. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary-care hospital in Purulia district, India, including consecutive patients with histologically-proved rhinosporidiosis. Their socio-demographic profiles were obtained through a pre-designed proforma with given epidemiologic parameters. Data was statistically analyzed with inputs from literature review. Of the 39 patients included, 87 % were fresh/new cases. The age-group of 10-20 years was mostly involved, with multiple peaks around 50. About 82 % were from rural background, commonly involved in cattle farming and agriculture, with a universal habit of pond-bathing. There was a male preponderance; however women were being increasingly affected. Nasal cavity was the predominant site involved; nasal obstruction and epistaxis were the primary complaints. About 13 % had recurrent lesions that were statistically related to higher age-group (C15 years) and occupation (agriculture, labor). Rhinosporidiosis is predominantly the disease of young rural adults engaged in field activities and habituated to pondbathing. A bimodal age distribution was noticed. The present article provides an update on the socio-demographic perspectives of rhinosporidiosis in an endemic zone. It also summarizes the factors that would identify the vulnerable population and help formulate preventive measures.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-demographic Correlates of Rhinosporidiosis: A Hospital-Based Epidemiologic Study in Purulia, India

Haldar

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

et al. 2016

“…The treatment is surgical excision with or without cautery at the base and recurrence is described as rare [ 30 ]. Scleral melting may be treated with a tectonic corneal graft [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular rhinosporidiosis mimicking conjunctival squamous papilloma in Kenya – a case report

Gichuhi

Onyuma

Macharia³

et al. 2014

BMC Ophthalmol

BackgroundOcular rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by a newly classified organism that is neither a fungus nor bacterium. It often presents as a benign conjunctival tumour but may mimic other ocular conditions. It is most often described in India. In Africa cases have been reported from South Africa, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Uganda, Congo and Ivory Coast.Case presentationA 54 year old man was seen in Kenya with a lesion that resembled a conjunctival papilloma. We report resemblance to conjunctival papilloma and the result of vital staining with 0.05% Toluidine Blue.ConclusionOcular rhinosporidiosis occurs in East Africa. It may resemble conjunctival squamous papilloma. Vital staining with 0.05% Toluidine blue dye did not distinguish the two lesions well.

“…[ 4 ] In addition to the conjunctiva, ocular rhinosporidiosis can affect the eyelids, limbus, caruncle, canthi, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct. [ 1 5 ] Rarely scleral ectasia, staphyloma formation, and the scleral melt have also been reported. [ 6 7 ] In this communication, we report an unusual location of the focus of rhinosporidiosis: The tarsal conjunctiva in a child and also highlight the typical microscopic findings seen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinosporidiosis of the tarsal conjunctiva

Nair

Ali

Kaliki

et al. 2015

Indian J Ophthalmol

Rhinosporidiosis is a rare infection caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, an organism classified in its own class, mesomycetozoea. It commonly affects mucus membranes namely the nasal mucosa, pharynx and the conjunctiva. We present the case of an 8-year-old female who presented with a flat, red, vascular, fleshy, pedunculated mass arising from the tarsal conjunctiva of the right upper eyelid. The mass was completely excised. On histopathological examination, multiple sporangia were seen in various stages of degeneration, consistent with rhinosporidiosis. The diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis is based solely on its microscopic features, and the treatment is surgical excision. This condition is endemic in the temperate regions of the Indian subcontinent, but it has been known to occur even in the colder regions of North America and Eastern Europe. Although a rare clinical entity, the possibility of rhinosporidiosis must be borne in mind when evaluating any polypoidal conjunctival mass.