2021
DOI: 10.53955/jhcls.v1i2.8
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Oil and Natural Gas Management Policy in Realizing Equal Energy in Indonesia

Abstract: In its development, the management of oil and gas in Indonesia has undergone several policy developments. The enactment of Law Number 22 of 2001 concerning Oil and Gas has become a new chapter in the regulation of oil and gas in Indonesia. This law wants to emphasize that national development must be directed to the realization of people's welfare by carrying out reforms in all fields of national and state life. This article finds that the law has affirmed the objectives of natural gas management to increase s… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…It must be acknowledged that the everyday practice of law shows the presence of legal plurality, since there are groups of individuals who strictly adhere to religious law in their daily civil interactions or who strictly adhere to local customary law in their daily civil connections. The 1945 Constitution controls and rigorously safeguards this legal diversity, as long as it does not violate the objectives of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia [15]. Conflicts between national law, religious law, and customary law practices are inevitable as a consequence of legal pluralism [16].…”
Section: Findings and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It must be acknowledged that the everyday practice of law shows the presence of legal plurality, since there are groups of individuals who strictly adhere to religious law in their daily civil interactions or who strictly adhere to local customary law in their daily civil connections. The 1945 Constitution controls and rigorously safeguards this legal diversity, as long as it does not violate the objectives of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia [15]. Conflicts between national law, religious law, and customary law practices are inevitable as a consequence of legal pluralism [16].…”
Section: Findings and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mining has devoured 70% of the municipal land area in Samarindah (Hidayah & Al-Fatih, 2019). According to JATAM's research with the World Wildlife Fund, the damage is estimated to be around $9 million (Najicha, 2021). Open-pit nickel mining activities, which are preceded by land clearing, topsoil erosion, dredging, and stockpiling, have a severe influence on the environment, resulting in increased eros rates, run-off, sedimentation, and damage to water catchment areas, as well as disruption of stability levels.…”
Section: Diagram 1 the Number Of Mining Holes In East Kalimantanmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…By recognizing consumer rights and imposing obligations and prohibitions on business actors, the state can be considered to provide legal protection for consumers through its legal policies [15]. While this law has protected consumers rigidly and precisely, this does not mean that consumer protection has been optimal.…”
Section: Consumer Rightsmentioning
confidence: 99%