Oligodendroglioma: A Review of Management and Pathways

Abstract

Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas are a type of glioma that occurs primarily in adults but are also found in children. These tumors are genetically defined according to the mutations they harbor. Grade II and grade III tumors can be differentiated most of the times by the presence of anaplastic features. The earliest regimen used for the treatment of these tumors was procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine. The treatment modalities have shifted over time, and recent studies are considering immunotherapy as an option as well. This review assesses the latest management modalities along with the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of this malignancies.

Hemodynamic Imaging in Cerebral Diffuse Glioma—Part B: Molecular Correlates, Treatment Effect Monitoring, Prognosis, and Future Directions

“…Oligodendroglioma is genetically defined as a tumor harboring a IDH1/IDH2 mutation involving the co-deletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q. Diagnosis can be obtained only using pathological tissue after a biopsy or resection [ 3 , 47 ] but hemodynamic imaging has also shown potential for the identification of IDH 1p/19q codeletion status as part of the differentiation of oligodendroglioma from the IDH mutant 1p/19q non-deleted astrocytomas and IDHwt glioblastomas [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 30 , 48 ]. The pre-operative identification of 1p/19q is clinically relevant as oligodendrogliomas are characterized by a lower impact of the extent of resection with respect of IDHmut astrocytoma, whereas they also display a better response to cytotoxic agents and increased OS [ 49 ].…”

A Patient With Epilepsy, Ganglioglioma, and Oligodendroglioma With Anaplastic Foci in the Same Left Frontoparietal Lesion: A Case Report

“…OLIG2 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the specification of oligodendrocyte precursors and is useful to show the oligodendroglial nature. If an oligodendroglial tumor is suspected, a 1p/19q codeletion search should be done because it constitutes the hallmark alteration in oligodendroglioma in at least 80% of the cases [ 8 ].…”

Oligosarcoma Arising from Oligodendroglioma-A case report

“…One of the hallmark genetic findings of Oligodendroglioma is the combined whole arm deletion of chromosomes 1q and 19p. This chromosomal abnormality is associated with a favorable response to chemotherapy and improved patient outcomes, with a median overall survival of more than 14 years for patients treated with radiation and chemotherapy [11,17,20]. Here, we describe the case of a patient diagnosed and treated for Oligodendroglioma, who subsequently experienced a recurrence of the disease, which was found to be Oligodendroglioma with a sarcomatous component, so call oligosarcoma.…”