Omega-3 fatty acids’ effect on leptin and adiponectin concentrations in patients with spinal cord injury: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Context: Omega-3 fatty acids have been recently proposed to induce neural improvement in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) while affecting some hormones including leptin and adiponectin. Objectives: We tried to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on circulatory concentrations of leptin and adiponectin among these patients. Design: This study is a double-blinded randomized clinical trial with intervention duration of 14 months. Setting: A tertiary rehabilitation center. Participants: Total of 104 patients with SCI who did not meet our exclusion criteria entered the study. Those with history of diabetes, cancer, endocrinology disease, acute infection, and use of special medications were excluded. Patients were divided randomly into the treatment and control group by using permuted balanced block randomization. Intervention: The treatment group received two MorDHA ® capsules per day (each capsule contain 465 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 63 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) for 14 months while the control group received placebo capsules with similar color, shape, and taste. Main outcomes measures: Leptin and adiponectin concentrations in plasma were measured at the beginning of trial and then after 6 and 14 months. Results: Fourteen months of treatment with DHA and EPA did not influence concentrations of leptin but adiponectin level was significantly decreased (P: 0.03). Weight was positively correlated with leptin level at stage 0 of trial (P: 0.008, r = 0.41) while this association was attenuated through stages of trial after intervention. Conclusion: Our data show that omega-3 fatty acids may not affect plasma concentrations of leptin but adiponectin level is decreased in patients with SCI. Moreover, this intervention influences the linear relationship between weight and leptin after 14 months administration of DHA and EPA.

Is the pattern of dietary amino acids intake associated with serum lipid profile and blood pressure among individuals with spinal cord injury?

“…Completeness was classified as either complete (no preserved sensory or motor function) or incomplete (variable preserved motor function). 18,19 American Spinal Cord Injury Association Scale (ASIA) was used to classify patients as follows: ASIA-A: complete injury; ASIA-B: incomplete injury with preserved sensory function; ASIA-C: preserved motor function in which more than half of key muscles below the neurological level have a muscle grade < 3; ASIA-D: preserved motor function in which at least half of key muscles below the neurological level have a muscle grade of ≥ 3.…”

Shrimp oil extracted from the shrimp processing waste reduces the development of insulin resistance and metabolic phenotypes in diet-induced obese rats

“…Rats on the HFC diet and fructose drinking water had blood insulin and leptin levels twice as much as those on the LFC improves insulin sensitivity. Dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFA, in particular EPA and DHA, increases the serum concentration of adiponectin in humans and animals (Gray et al, 2013;Sabour et al, 2015). Recent reports demonstrated that replacing saturated fatty acids with n-3…”

Sample sizes and statistical methods in interventional studies on individuals with spinal cord injury: A systematic review

“…The median number of individuals with SCI was 15 (range: 4‐558, interquartile range: 10‐32), the median total sample size was 18 (range: 4‐582, interquartile range: 10‐34), see Figure . The subset of studies with a total sample size >100 (n = 12) comprised multicenter as well as single‐center trials . We found that 167 out of 207 (81%) eligible studies met our definition of a small‐sample size study.…”