Omnidirectional Ultrasonic Powering for Millimeter-Scale Implantable Devices

Song, Sung‐Jin; Kim, A.; Ziaie, Babak

doi:10.1109/tbme.2015.2444854

Cited by 78 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The electrical power from the microprobe with platinum electrodes was measured to be 164 μW (V = 3.5 V, I = 47 μA), 300 µW (V = 4.23 V, I = 71 µA), and 450 µW (V = 5 V, I = 90 µA) under mild, moderate, and strong ultrasonic intensities, respectively. These results confirmed that sufficient power can be supplied to initiate electrolysis (the wireless power transfer efficiencies were 2.7%, η = P P / output input ) 23 . The field of operation, a critical factor that determines the ablation zone and the efficacy of the treatment, was also evaluated.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The transmitting face of the PZT transducer was laid with an acoustic matching layer. The ultrasonic power utilized a continuous wave (i.e., sinusoidal wave at the resonant frequency), which allows reflection in the body and significantly reduces the angular alignment sensitivity between the transmitter and the microprobe 23 .…”

Section: Methods Fabrication Of the Microprobementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasonic power allows the device to be miniaturized to dimensions (mm-scale) that are not feasible using traditional inductive wireless powering methods 15 . In addition, ultrasound has a long operation range (>10 cm) 15-20 and a higher power transfer efficiency than traditional inductive power at mm-scale reviver sizes 15 , and it is significantly less sensitive to angular misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver 15,17,[20][21][22][23] . The implantable microprobe may increase the clinical relevance of EA by allowing wireless control over device operation (capability to remotely turn the device on and off) and providing flexibility in treatment options (easier to administer fractionated doses over a longer period).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Ultrasonically Powered Implantable Microprobe for Electrolytic Ablation

Kim

Lee²,

Parupudi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

electrolytic ablation (eA) is a promising nonthermal tumor ablation technique that destroys malignant cells through induction of a locoregional pH change. eA is typically performed by inserting needle electrodes inside the tumor followed by application of direct current (Dc), thus inducing electrolysis and creating localized pH changes around the electrodes. in this paper, we report an ultrasonically powered implantable eA microprobe that may increase the clinical relevance of eA by allowing wireless control over device operation (capability to remotely turn the device on and off) and providing flexibility in treatment options (easier to administer fractionated doses over a longer period). the wireless eA microprobe consists of a millimeter-sized piezoelectric ultrasonic receiver, a rectifier circuit, and a pair of platinum electrodes (overall size is 9 × 3 × 2 mm 3). once implanted through a minimally invasive procedure, the microprobe can stay within a solid tumor and be repeatedly used as needed. Ultrasonic power allows for efficient power delivery to mm-scale devices implanted deep within soft tissues of the body. The microprobe is capable of producing a direct current of 90 µA at a voltage of 5 V across the electrodes under low-intensity ultrasound (~200 mW/cm 2). the Dc power creates acidic (pH < 2) and alkaline (pH > 12.9) regions around the anode and the cathode, respectively. The pH change, measured using tissue-mimicking agarose gel, extends to 0.8 cm 3 in volume within an hour at an expansion rate of 0.5 mm 3 /min. The microprobe-mediated EA ablative capability is demonstrated in vitro in cancer cells and ex vivo in mouse liver.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Methods Fabrication Of the Microprobementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Ultrasonically Powered Implantable Microprobe for Electrolytic Ablation

Kim

Lee²,

Parupudi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The utilization of certain piezoelectric material is based on the consideration of the type of application, power requirement, vibration frequency, and the geometry structure. Some well-known materials used are lead zirconate titanate (PZT), aluminum nitride (AlN), barium titanate (BaTiO3), and zinc oxide (ZnO) in the form of crystal or nanowires [21] [15] [22]. Taking into account the energy requirement, the WiOptND uses ZnO nanowires complemented by thin coating of (<100 µm) of acrylic Polymethyl methacrylate).…”

Section: A Piezoelectric Nanowiresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Optogenetic Nanonetworks for Brain Stimulation: Device Model and Charging Protocols

Wirdatmadja¹,

Barros²,

Koucheryavy³

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans.on Nanobioscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, numerous research efforts have been dedicated toward developing efficient implantable devices for brain stimulation. However, there are limitations and challenges with the current technologies. They include neuron population stimulation instead of single neuron level, the size, the biocompatibility, and the device lifetime reliability in the patient's brain. We have recently proposed the concept of wireless optogenetic nanonetworking devices (WiOptND) that could address the problem of long term deployment, and at the same time target single neuron stimulation utilizing ultrasonic as a mode for energy harvesting. In addition, a number of charging protocols are also proposed, in order to minimize the quantity of energy required for charging, while ensuring minimum number of neural spike misfirings. These protocols include the simple charge and fire, which requires the full knowledge of the raster plots of neuron firing patterns, and the predictive sliding detection window, and its variant Markov-chain based time-delay patterns, which minimizes the need for full knowledge of neural spiking patterns as well as number of ultrasound charging frequencies. Simulation results exhibit a drop for the stimulation ratio of ~ 25% and more stable trend in its efficiency ratio (standard deviation of ~0.5%) for the Markov-chain based time-delay patterns protocol compared with the baseline change and fire. The results show the feasibility of utilizing WiOptND for long-term implants in the brain, and a new direction toward precise stimulation of neurons in the cortical microcolumn of the brain cortex.

show abstract

“…The figure shows the general trend that RF is relatively low power outputs and best for near-surface implants, near-field gives high power outputs for near-surface implants, but is relatively large and ultrasound gives high power outputs even for deeply implanted small sensors. Moradi et al 2013 [80] Ahn and Ghovanloo 2016 [81] Sauer et al 2004 [82] Parramon et al 1997 [83] O'Driscoll et al 2009 [84] Kim et al 2015 [85] Tsai et al 2011 [86] Song et al 2015 [87] Charthad et…”

Section: Mechanical Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Power Design for Future Wearable and Implantable Devices

Lundager

Zeinali

Tohidi

et al. 2016

JLPEA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the fast progress in miniaturization of sensors and advances in micromachinery systems, a gate has been opened to the researchers to develop extremely small wearable/implantable microsystems for different applications. However, these devices are reaching not to a physical limit but a power limit, which is a critical limit for further miniaturization to develop smaller and smarter wearable/implantable devices (WIDs), especially for multi-task continuous computing purposes. Developing smaller and smarter devices with more functionality requires larger batteries, which are currently the main power provider for such devices. However, batteries have a fixed energy density, limited lifetime and chemical side effect plus the fact that the total size of the WID is dominated by the battery size. These issues make the design very challenging or even impossible. A promising solution is to design batteryless WIDs scavenging energy from human or environment including but not limited to temperature variations through thermoelectric generator (TEG) devices, body movement through Piezoelectric devices, solar energy through miniature solar cells, radio-frequency (RF) harvesting through antenna etc. However, the energy provided by each of these harvesting mechanisms is very limited and thus cannot be used for complex tasks. Therefore, a more comprehensive solution is the use of different harvesting mechanisms on a single platform providing enough energy for more complex tasks without the need of batteries. In addition to this, complex tasks can be done by designing Integrated Circuits (ICs), as the main core and the most power consuming component of any WID, in an extremely low power mode by lowering the supply voltage utilizing low-voltage design techniques. Having the ICs operational at very low voltages, will enable designing battery-less WIDs for complex tasks, which will be discussed in details throughout this paper. In this paper, a path towards battery-less computing is drawn by looking at device circuit co-design for future system-on-chips (SoCs). dynamic power consumption, which means that a great deal of the power spent, is wasted solely on heat generation [1]. This can be dealt with by further researching cooling and packaging in order to avoid overheating the circuits; however, this is an expensive and time limited solution, so this paper addresses methods to generally reduce the overall power consumption of the systems.Since the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution, a new focus has been made on making smart phones, smart watches, tablets etc. even smaller whilst increasing the computation power. And with the recent interest in the Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) [2], the focus has moved from just increasing the computation power to also creating extremely compact, ultra low power designs that enable small sensors and actuators to operate independently of wired data connections and external power sources. Especially for implanted sensors, the size restriction is crucial for the bio-compatibility and therefore, ...

show abstract

Omnidirectional Ultrasonic Powering for Millimeter-Scale Implantable Devices

Cited by 78 publications

References 38 publications

An Ultrasonically Powered Implantable Microprobe for Electrolytic Ablation

An Ultrasonically Powered Implantable Microprobe for Electrolytic Ablation

Wireless Optogenetic Nanonetworks for Brain Stimulation: Device Model and Charging Protocols

Low Power Design for Future Wearable and Implantable Devices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About