On-demand CO release for amplification of chemotherapy by MOF functionalized magnetic carbon nanoparticles with NIR irradiation

Emerging Delivery Strategies of Carbon Monoxide for Therapeutic Applications: from CO Gas to CO Releasing Nanomaterials

“…Nanomaterial‐based strategies for CORMs delivery will be more effective and safer than the administration of bare CORMs because of the preferential accumulation of nanoparticles in malignant tumor through EPR effect or active targeting effects . Recently, several nanoparticles with high drug payload, low toxicity, and excellent performance have been used as carriers of CORMs for CO therapy and multimodal combined therapy …”

“…Besides, nanomaterials can be used as multifunctional drug delivery systems to simultaneously achieve payload and combination use of diverse drugs . Currently, some research has focused on the synergistic treatment of CO with other treatment strategies, including photothermal treatment (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and chemotherapy, in order to raise the antitumor effect, shorten the therapeutic period and reduce the dose of a single drug . As a paradigm, Li et al prepared a PEGylated Fe(CO) 5 derivatized Prussian blue nanoparticles (m‐PB‐CO/PEG NPs) for synergistic anticancer therapy using CO and photothermal treatments.…”

“…Therefore, CORM@G3DSP‐Ce6 in the tumor region could result in synergistic anticancer effect via a joint of PDT and CO therapy (Figure b). Recently, Yao et al synthesized multifunctional theranostic nanoplatforms (denoted as MCM@PEG‐CO‐DOX NPs) including magnetic carbon core, nanoMOFs as a carrier of DOX and MnCO compounds (Figure c). The magnetic carbon core with a photon‐to‐heat conversion effect upon NIR irradiation could induce the on‐demand release of CO and DOX, which led to a positive synergistic therapeutic effect toward malignant tumors (Figure d).…”

Recent Bio-Advances in Metal-Organic Frameworks

“…In addition to encapsulating traditional small molecule inhibitors, MOFs can be used to transport and deliver larger, complex molecules, such as hormones [31]. Post-synthetic modification can be a valuable tool to alter properties such as dispersion and chelation abilities [54]. Hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity are important parameters in drug design [138], and the tunable nature of MOFs, allow these to be modified as needed.…”

“…Previous work on precise intracellular delivery of CO has utilised metal carbonyl-caged graphene oxide (a nanomedicine), or iron carbonyl derived Prussian blue NPs [52,53]. The porous nature and tuneable structures of MOFs make them well suited to this therapy, as was recently demonstrated by Shen and co-workers [54].…”