On Energy Efficient Resource Allocation in Shared RANs: Survey and Qualitative Analysis

Abstract

An expansion of services and unprecedented traffic growth is anticipated in future networks, aligned with the adoption of the long-awaited Fifth Generation (5G) of mobile communications. To support this demand, without exposing mobile operators to the pressure of CAPEX and OPEX, 5G uses new frequency bands, and adopts promising trends, including: densification, softwarization, and autonomous management. While the first technology is proposed to handle the traffic growth requirements, the softwarization and autonomous management are expected to play, in synergy, to ensure the desired trade-off between reducing the CAPEX and OPEX, while guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS). Softwarization is expected to transform the network design, from one size fits all, to more demand oriented adaptive resource allocation. In this work, we focus on this point, by discussing how these technologies act in synergy towards enabling RAN sharing. Particularly, we focus on how they fit into the issue of energy efficient Multi-Operator Resource Allocation (MO-RA). After a survey and classification of schemes leveraging this synergy for distinct resource allocation (RA) objectives, we present a detailed survey and qualitative classification of RA schemes with respect to energy efficiency. This work presents an innovative survey, since it concentrates on multiple operators, and the enabling of Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs), which will come into play with the complete virtualization of mobile networks. Based on the deep literature analysis of the different operations that can bring energy savings to MO-RA, we conclude the work with listing open challenges and future research directions.

A Study on the Impact of Digital Finance on Regional Productivity Growth Based on Artificial Neural Networks

“…Among them, fin it is the level of financial development. According to the research of [ 21 – 23 ], the effect of financial scale and financial efficiency on the economy is different. The effect of financial scale and financial efficiency on the economy through the growth of total factor productivity should also be different.…”

The Construction and Exploration of University English Translation Teaching Mode Based on the Integration of Multimedia Network Technology

“…e Chinese Ministry of Education has proposed the core concept of "deep integration of information technology and education teaching." In terms of interpretation teaching, we should consider the path of deep integration of information technology and interpretation teaching in the new era and technology wave and explore the innovative mechanism of interpretation teaching and talent cultivation [6,7].…”

Secure Virtual Mobile Small Cells: A Stepping Stone Toward 6G

“…Enabling this sharing requires RANs that are fully virtualized by utilizing NFV and SDN on the RAN functions and networking devices, respectively. While NFV enables RAN sharing by different tenants (MVNOs), EE Virtual Resource Management (VRM) operations of the radio and computational physical nodes require algorithms, that enable dynamic allocation and flexible management of shared resources according to Service Level Agreements (SLA) and load from each MVNO[7]. The VRM algorithms include: (i) radio resources allocations (e.g.…”