On mathematical simulation of a pelagic ecosystem in tropical waters of the ocean

Vinogradov, M. E.; Меншуткин, В. В.; Shushkina, E. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00347747

Cited by 44 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Most of these models included both respiration (at least implicitly, through assimilation efficiency coefficients) and feedback flows from metazoans to microbes (through organic detritus and/or dissolved organic carbon, DOC); this was the case in both early (e.g. Vinogradov et al 1972, Pace et al 1984, Jumars et al 1989) and more recent (e.g. Moloney & Field 1991, Nagata 2000, Anderson & Ducklow 2001) models.…”

Section: Proposed Approach: the 'Microbial Hub'mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Planktonic food webs: microbial hub approach

Legendre¹,

Rivkin²

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Our review consolidates published information on the functioning of the microbial heterotrophic components of pelagic food webs, and extends this into a novel approach: the 'microbial hub' (HUB). Crucial to our approach is the identification and quantification of 2 groups of organisms, each with distinct effects on food-web flows and biogeochemical cycles: microbes, which are generally responsible for most of the organic carbon respiration in the euphotic zone, and metazoans, which generally account for less respiration than microbes. The key characteristics of the microbialhub approach are: all heterotrophic microbes are grouped together in the HUB, whereas larger heterotrophs are grouped into a metazoan compartment (METAZ); each food-web flow is expressed as a ratio to community respiration; summary respiration flows through, between, and from the HUB and METAZ are computed using flows from observations or models; both the HUB and METAZ receive organic carbon from several food-web sources, and redirect this carbon towards other foodweb compartments and their own respiration. By using the microbial-hub approach to analyze a wide range of food webs, different zones of the world ocean, and predicted effects of climate change on food-web flows, we conclude that heterotrophic microbes always dominate respiration in the euphotic zone, even when most particulate primary production is grazed by metazoans. Furthermore, climate warming will increase HUB respiration and channeling of primary production toward heterotrophic community respiration and decrease the corresponding METAZ flows. The microbial-hub approach is a significant evolution and extension of the microbial loop and food web, and provides a new, powerful tool for exploring pelagic community metabolism.

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Section: Proposed Approach: the 'Microbial Hub'mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hobbie et al 1972, Vinogradov et al 1972, Pomeroy 1974. Increasing information on the microbial component of the marine pelagic food web (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktonic food webs: microbial hub approach

Legendre¹,

Rivkin²

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…1971). Further, the microplankton consume only 23% of the daily phytoplankton production of the California Current in contrast to 70% of the production across the equator at 105"W ( Beers and Stewart 1971)) and a rcccnt simulation model of the equatorial divergence system (Vinogradov et al 1972) suggests that the total biomass of the small hcrbivorcs may bc grcatcr than that of the large hcrbivorcs within the horizontal interior of the ocean.…”

Section: Size Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivory as a factor in patterns of nutrient utilization in the sea1

Walsh

1976

Limnology & Oceanography

168

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A comparison of the horizontal nutrient gradients in coastal upwelling systems of the eastern boundary currents, in offshore divergences of high and low latitudes, and in the central gyres of the oceans suggests that changes in the dominant frequencies of variability of the physical habitat may define the importance of grazing stress as a constraint to nutrient utilization in the sea.Liebig's (1840) "1 aw of the minimum" and Lindeman's ( 1942 ) "trophic-dynamics" are rather general ecological concepts that are probably only applicable for brief periods during the life history of an organism. For example, simple consideration of single

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“…30 m long). Almost 3 decades ago, Vinogradov et al (1972) and Pomeroy (1974) proposed that small autotrophic and heterotrophic microbes are important and at times the dominant components of water column production and respiration. Ten years later, Azam et al (1983) developed a conceptual model in which free-living heterotrophic bacteria (ca <1 µm) and picophytoplankton are ingested by small (3 to 10 µm) heterotrophic flagellates, which are in turn consumed by larger (20 to 200 µm) flagellates, ciliates and micrometazoans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluxes of carbon in the upper ocean: regulation by food-web control nodes

Legendre¹,

Rivkin²

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We present a new approach to assess the role of upper ocean pelagic food webs on the partitioning of phytoplankton production (P T ) into its 3 principal component fluxes: remineralization to CO 2 (i.e. respiration, R), transfer to the pelagic food web (F ), and downward export (E T ); E T is the sum of its particulate (POC) and dissolved (DOC) organic carbon components (E T = E DOC + E POC ). Although it is well known that there are relationships between the size and trophic structure of the planktonic community on the one hand, and the export of organic carbon (OC) from the euphotic zone and its potential sequestration below the permanent pycnocline on the other hand, the causative mechanisms for these relationships are not well understood. Here, we propose that the fluxes of OC in the upper ocean depend on the coexistence of a relatively small POC pool, which is responsible for the fluxes P T , R, F and E POC , and a much larger DOC pool, which sustains both bacterial production and E DOC . In our model, phytoplankton, microbial heterotrophic plankton, and large zooplankton are the 3 food-web control nodes of the 5 carbon fluxes (P T , R, F, E DOC and E DOC ). The phytoplankton node controls the downward flux of phytodetritus (mostly from large phytoplankton), which is often the major component of E POC . The microbial heterotrophic plankton node is responsible for most of the remineralization of OC to CO 2 and the uptake and release of DOC. This node therefore controls the size of the DOC pool that can be exported downwards. The large zooplankton node controls both the transfer of POC to large metazoans and part of the downward POC flux (E POC ; faecal pellets and vertically migrating organisms). We implemented our model by estimating export as E T = P T -R at 8 sites in different regions of the World Ocean. The functional relationship between E T and P new was highly significant (r 2 = 0.85): In contrast to other approaches, where export is calculated as a fraction of P T , we estimate E T as the difference between 2 independent variables (i.e. P T and R); hence our approach produces some regional values E T < 0 -these regions are net heterotrophic. Overall, our approach improves our understanding of carbon cycling and export in the upper ocean.

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On mathematical simulation of a pelagic ecosystem in tropical waters of the ocean

Cited by 44 publications

References 4 publications

Planktonic food webs: microbial hub approach

Planktonic food webs: microbial hub approach

Herbivory as a factor in patterns of nutrient utilization in the sea1

Fluxes of carbon in the upper ocean: regulation by food-web control nodes

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