On the Boundary Conditions of Electrochemical Hydrogen Permeation Through Iron

Zhang, Tong‐Yi; Zheng, Yongping; Wu, Qingqing

doi:10.1149/1.1391836

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the permeability method, the hydrogen in the metal is the sum of the reversible trapped hydrogen and the lattice hydrogen. Usually, the constant concentration model (Zhang, Zheng, & Wu, 1999) is proposed to evaluate the hydrogen diffusivity from the permeation tests. The boundary conditions are as follows: 0 0 0, 0;and 0, , 0…”

Section: Hydrogen Permeationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of medium-strength steels

2013

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As medium-strength steels are promising candidates for the hydrogen economy, it is important to understand their interaction with hydrogen. However, there are only a limited number of investigations on the behavior of medium-strength steels in hydrogen. The existing literature indicates that the influences of hydrogen on the tensile properties of medium-strength steels are mainly the following: (i) the steel can be hardened by hydrogen, as demonstrated by an increase in the yield stress or ultimate tensile stress; (ii) some steels can be embrittled by hydrogen, as revealed by lower yield stress or ultimate tensile stress; (iii) in most cases, these steels may experience hydrogen embrittlement (HE), as indicated by a reduction in ductility. The degree of HE mainly depends on the test conditions and the steel. The embrittlement can lead to catastrophic brittle fracture in service. The influence of hydrogen on the fatigue properties of medium-strength steels is dependent on many factors such as the stress ratio, temperature, yield stress of the steel, and test frequency. Generally, the hydrogen influence on fatigue limit is small, whereas hydrogen can accelerate the fatigue crack growth rate, leading to a shorter fatigue life. Inclusions are an important factor influencing the properties of medium-strength steels in the presence of hydrogen. However, it is not possible to predict the influence of hydrogen for any particular steel that has not been experimentally evaluated or to predict service performance. It is not known why similar steels can have different behavior, ranging from good resistance to significant embrittlement. A better understanding of the microstructural characteristics is needed.

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Section: Hydrogen Permeationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of medium-strength steels

2013

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“…Hydrogen permeation behavior has different manners in the practical service of materials, which corresponds to the boundary conditions in the simulations. Then we consider three typical boundary conditions, namely constant concentration (CC), constant flux (CF), and hybrid of flux continuity and constant concentration (FCCC), and compare their effects on the ultra‐thin cloak.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin Hydrogen Diffusion Cloak

Liu

Bai

et al. 2017

Advcd Theory and Sims

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For years, hydrogen damage is a fatal threat to metals and alloys in long-term service. This paper introduces the transformation optics theory in metamaterials to the diffusive field, and the design of an ultrathin hydrogen diffusion cloak. Thanks to the alternately and gradually changed diffusion coefficients in adjacent layers, the laminated cloak efficiently conducts the diffusive flow to shield the central region, and drastically reduces the diffusion flux in it. More importantly, the diffusion coefficients are designed following the Laplace equation instead of conventional linear transformation, hence the cloak has a very small thickness whose core/shell ratio is two magnitudes larger than traditional designs, but the diffusion flux is even one magnitude lower. The ultrathin hydrogen diffusion cloak with excellent performance provides a promising route for hydrogen protection.

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“…The specimen's surface condition and thickness play an essential role in minimizing surface effects during hydrogen permeation through a metal membrane. Typically, a well-polished surface [89], the application of surface catalysts such as palladium coatings [90,91] or the use of hydrogen recombination poisons [92,93] are employed to minimize surface effects on hydrogen dissociation and subsequent uptake into the membrane. Additionally, it is important that the sample be sufficiently thick such that these surface effects do not dominate over bulk diffusivity.…”

Section: Identification Of the Sources Of Error 421 Sources Of Error ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(iv) Boundary conditions at the entry and the exit surfaces. The use of galvanostatic or potentiostatic charging can modify the boundary conditions on the reduction side of the EP experiment and therefore determine the most appropriate method of analysis of the permeation transient [67,91,94]. Assuming incorrect boundary conditions can have a significant impact on the average diffusivity [67], while scatter can also be induced by failing to fully meet the assumed boundary conditions (i.e., due to a passive film) or through the evolution of the boundary conditions during an EP experiment.…”

Section: Identification Of the Sources Of Error 421 Sources Of Error ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the relative efficacy of electropermeation and isothermal desorption approaches for measuring hydrogen diffusivity

Zafra¹,

Harris²,

Korec³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The relative efficacy of electrochemical permeation (EP) and isothermal desorption spectroscopy (ITDS) methods for determining the hydrogen diffusivity is investigated using cold-rolled pure iron. The diffusivities determined from 13 first transient and 8 second transient EP experiments, evaluated using the conventional lag and breakthrough time methods, are compared to the results of 10 ITDS experiments. Results demonstrate that the average diffusivity is similar between the second EP transient and ITDS, which are distinctly increased relative to the first EP transient.However, the coefficient of variation for the ITDS experiments is reduced by 2 and 3-fold relative to the first and second EP transients, confirming the improved repeatability of ITDS diffusivity measurements. The source of the increased error in EP measurements is systematically evaluated, revealing an important influence of assumed electrochemical boundary conditions on the analysis and interpretation of EP experiments.

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On the Boundary Conditions of Electrochemical Hydrogen Permeation Through Iron

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

A critical review of the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of medium-strength steels

A critical review of the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of medium-strength steels

Ultrathin Hydrogen Diffusion Cloak

On the relative efficacy of electropermeation and isothermal desorption approaches for measuring hydrogen diffusivity

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