On the coordination of highly dynamic human movements: an extension of the Uncontrolled Manifold approach applied to precision jump in parkour

Maldonado, Galo; Bailly, François; Souères, Philippe; Watier, Bruno

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30681-6

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…While parkour is mostly considered as being intentionally non-competitive, it is a physically [38,57] and skilled [58,59] demanding sport. As we will see, parkour requires accuracy and power regulation to prevent pain and injuries.…”

Section: Life Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How is parkour new and singular? A narrative review across miscellaneous academic fields.

PAGNON¹,

Faity²,

Maldonado³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Parkour is a growing sport that mostly involves jumping, vaulting over obstacles, and climbing in a non dedicated setting. The authors gathered all known relevant literature across miscellaneaous academic fields in order to define parkour with regards to other sports disciplines.Parkour is a lifestyle sport, and as such provides an alternative to mainstream ones, away from strict rules, standardized settings, and necessary competitions. Traceurs (parkour adepts) consider the city as a playground and as an outlet for their creativity, but they also have a strong taste for hard and individualized challenges. They usually train on non specific structures, at ground level. Although their social background is not clear, they are mostly young and male.Traceurs are stronger than recreational athletes, especially in eccentric exercises. However, their endurance skills may be below average. One of the core specificities of parkour is its precision constraint at landing, which turns a standing long jump into a precision jump, regulated on-line so as to prepare for landing. The running precision jump follows the same landing pattern, and its flight phase contrasts with long jump techniques. Injuries, which are not more frequent than in other sports, often occur at reception and on lower limb extremities. This risk is coped with targeting the landing area with the forefoot instead of letting the heel hit the ground like in gymnastics, or with rolling in order to dissipate the impact. Overall, parkour focuses on adaptability to new environments, which leads to specific techniques that have not yet been extensively addressed by the literature.

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Section: Life Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This power-accuracy trade-off during take-off makes this technique a particularly complex task that has to be well regulated through visual and proprioceptive feedback [89]. This strategy leads also to mechanical regulations during all phases of the jump, from take-off preparation [58,64,79,88] up to landing and stabilization [59].…”

Section: : Precision Jumpmentioning

confidence: 99%

How is parkour new and singular? A narrative review across miscellaneous academic fields.

PAGNON¹,

Faity²,

Maldonado³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The co-varying and reciprocally compensating components induce necessarily a dimension reduction of the system. It has mostly been exploited in motor control literature (Schöner, 1995;Scholz and Schöner, 1999;Latash, 2008;Maldonado et al, 2018) and to a lesser degree in interpersonal, social systems literature (Dodel et al, 2010;Riley et al, 2011;Passos et al, 2018).…”

Section: Principles Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Cooperative-Competitive Intelligence: Principles, Research Directions, and Applications

Hristovski

Balagué

2020

Front. Psychol.

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We present a theory of cooperative-competitive intelligence (CCI), its measures, research program, and applications that stem from it. Within the framework of this theory, satisficing sub-optimal behavior is any behavior that does not promote a decrease in the prospective control of the functional action diversity/unpredictability (D/U) potential of the agent or team. This potential is defined as the entropy measure in multiple, context-dependent dimensions. We define the satisficing interval of behaviors as CCI. In order to manifest itself at individual or team level, this capacity harnesses properties such as degeneracy, pleiotropy (pluri-potentiality), synergies, and metastability. Intelligence is embodied because intelligent behavior is deeply dependent on body functionalities, defined as entropy measures. We base our theory on three principles: (a) relativity of functional entropy/information in agent (team)-environment systems, (b) tendency toward the satisficing level of D/U potential, and (c) tendency toward the non-decreasing D/U potential. The conjunction of these three principles provides existence of sub-optimal behaviors associated with CCI. First, we deal with the problem of how to reduce multidimensional behavior to a concept that accounts for the vast set of scenarios in which CCI is manifested. Secondly, we define and discuss the three interacting principles that underpin CCI behavior as well as providing an outline for a future CCI research program supported by agent-based modeling and empirical research. Finally, we provide some preliminary practical issues that stem from the theory.

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“…For jumping tasks, Maldonado et al 33 analysed parkour jumping to a target task by estimating the relative importance of cost functions corresponding to take-off force, landing posture, impact loading rate, and fall avoidance. However, their work examined only seven expert jumpers over a small set of cost functions during the take-off and landing phase.…”

Section: Openmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse optimal control with time-varying objectives: application to human jumping movement analysis

Westermann

Lin

Kulić

2020

Sci Rep

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Analysis of complex human movements can provide valuable insights for movement rehabilitation, sports training, humanoid robot design and control, and human-robot interaction. to accomplish complex movement, the central nervous system must coordinate the musculo-skeletal system to achieve task and internal (e.g., effort minimisation) objectives. This paper proposes an inverse optimal control approach for analysing complex human movement that does not assume that the control objective(s) remains constant throughout the movement. The movement trajectory is assumed to be optimal with respect to a cost function composed of the sum of weighted basis cost functions, which may be time varying. the weights of the cost function are recovered using a sliding window. to illustrate the proposed approach, a dataset consisting of standing broad jump to targets at three different distances is collected. The method can be used to extract control objectives that influence task success, identify different motion strategies/styles, as well as to observe how control strategy changes during the motor learning process. Kinematic analysis confirms that the identified control objectives, including centre-of-mass takeoff vector and foot placement upon landing are important to ensure that a given participant lands on the target. The dataset, including nearly 800 jump trajectories from 22 participants is also provided.

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On the coordination of highly dynamic human movements: an extension of the Uncontrolled Manifold approach applied to precision jump in parkour

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

How is parkour new and singular? A narrative review across miscellaneous academic fields.

How is parkour new and singular? A narrative review across miscellaneous academic fields.

Theory of Cooperative-Competitive Intelligence: Principles, Research Directions, and Applications

Inverse optimal control with time-varying objectives: application to human jumping movement analysis

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