“…The requirement results in intensive and vast research for QoS-related issues. The QoS-related issues include the design of the new programming APIs for QoS supporting [2], the resource reservation mechanism [3,4,5], the QoS management architecture [6,7,8,9], and QoS supporting for the wireless environment [10,11] etc. Since the network behavior is dynamic and the static allocation strategy (e.g., peak rate assignment for bandwidth requirement) could not achieve the efficiency of the packet switching network (i.e., the gain of the statistical multiplexing), the adaptive network QoS for multimedia transmissions was suggested.…”