The article presents the results of the analysis of regulatory legal documents that ensure the organization and conduct of prophylactic medical examination of adolescent children in the Russian Federation in modern conditions of increased infectious risks of COVID-19. As a result of the analysis undertaken, a variety of forms, legal force of documents, dynamics and practical justification of their adoption were identified, as well as tasks were identified: by submitting an array of regulatory legal documents regulating the conduct of medical examination of adolescents into a single internally agreed system that excludes duplication of norms, powers and responsibilities; on the normative consolidation of clearly and in detail defined rights, duties and responsibilities of all subjects of relations arising in the course of organizing and conducting medical examination of adolescents, primarily authorized representatives of medical and educational organizations, adolescent children themselves and their legal representatives; on regulatory support and methodological support for the implementation of the requirements of the updated standard for equipping a specialized unit for organizing medical care for minors in educational institutions. The conclusion is made about the progressive development of the regulatory framework for medical examination, about the absence of legal conflicts between documents of different legal force, about their complementarity to each other. The guidelines voiced by the President of the Federal Assembly (April 2021) to expand measures within the framework of clinical examination of the population and to pay special attention to the health of children are a logical justification for improving the regulatory and legal support in protecting the health of children and adolescents.