On the need for attention-aware systems: Measuring effects of interruption on task performance, error rate, and affective state

Bailey, Brian P.; Konstan, Joseph A.

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2005.12.009

Cited by 450 publications

(349 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Oulasvirta and Salovaara (2004) propose a memory-based approach that would present interruptions during low working memory load and provide retrieval cues allowing the user to mentally restore the cognitive state necessary to resume the interrupted task. Adamczyk and Bailey (2004) and Bailey and Konstan (2006) have studied the impact of interruptions at different times in a task execution. Basing their work on event perception theories, the authors represent tasks as two level hierarchies composed of coarse events further split into fine events (for example, a coarse event would be the selection of the email application, which would then be further decomposed in selecting the email application, typing in the username, and typing in the password).…”

Section: Timing Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention aware systems: Theories, applications, and research agenda

Roda

Thomas

2006

Computers in Human Behavior

138

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Human perceptual and cognitive abilities are limited resources. Attention is the mechanism used to allocate such resources in the most effective way. Current technologies, in addition to allowing fast access to information and people, should be designed to support human attentional processes on which they impose further strain. This paper analyses the issues related to the design of systems capable of such support: attention aware systems. We introduce the research aimed at understanding and modelling human attentional processes, including perceptual and cognitive processes as studied in cognitive psychology, as well as rhetorical, aesthetic, and social aspects related to attentional mechanisms. We analyse current approaches to the design of attention aware systems along three major features: detection of user's current attentional state, detection and evaluation of possible alternative attentional states, strategies for focus switch or maintenance. Finally, we discuss the most promising research direction for the development of systems capable of supporting human attentional mechanisms.

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Section: Timing Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention aware systems: Theories, applications, and research agenda

Roda

Thomas

2006

Computers in Human Behavior

138

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“…annoyance, frustration, well-being, stress, anxiety, are additional aspects that have received focus (e.g. Bailey and Konstan 2006;Cohen 1980;Zijlstra et al 1999). …”

Section: Interruptions In Cognitive Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broadly speaking, without reviewing the extensive literature on the issue of interruption research specifically, it seems that there are some consistent findings that demonstrate a range of negative outcomes associated with frequently occurring interruptions. These include increased amounts of errors (Iqbal and Horvitz 2007), decreased efficiency resulting in longer completion times and sometimes uncompleted and forgotten tasks (Bailey and Konstan 2006), feelings of irritation, stress and anxiety (Mark et al 2008), and even cognitive fatigue (Cohen 1980). However, it should be noted that the current body of the literature on, and existing knowledge of, interruptions is mostly based on experimental studies, which are not necessarily generalisable to non-experimental contexts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruptions in the wild: portraying the handling of interruptions in manufacturing from a distributed cognition lens

2016

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This paper presents a study examining interruptions in the wild by portraying the handling of interruptions in manufacturing from a distributed cognition lens. By studying how interruptions occur and are handled in the daily activities of a work team at a large foundry for casting heavy diesel engines, we highlight situations when the propagation, transformation, and representation of information are not supported by prescribed work processes and propose recommendations for how this can be amended. The study was conducted by several visits to the aforementioned factory with cognitive ethnography as the basis for the data collection. The focus was on identifying interruptions and analysing these through a distributed cognition framework as an initial step towards studying interruptions in a manufacturing environment. The key findings include the identification of three, previously undefined, types of interruptions and the conclusion that interruptions do indeed affect the distributed workload of the socio-technical system and thus the overall production performance at the casting line.

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“…Intensive care unit nurses are distracted about every three minutes and interrupt their task at hand almost seven times an hour (Grundgeiger et al, 2010). Interruptions have been associated with errors or degraded performance in healthcare (Westbrook et al, 2010), aviation (Loukopoulos et al, 2003), and human-computer interaction (Bailey and Konstan, 2006). In the literature, definitions of interruptions typically note the unexpected nature of the interruption and the prompt cessation of the task at hand due to the interrupting task (Brixey et al, 2007;Trafton et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruptions, visual cues, and the microstructure of interaction: Four laboratory studies

Weng

Huber

Vilgan

et al. 2017

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractVisual cues relating to an interrupted task can help people recover from workplace interruptions. However, it is unclear whether visual cues relating to their next steps in a primary task may help people manage interruptions. In a previous intensive care unit simulation study, Grundgeiger et al. (2013) found that nurses performing equipment checks were more likely to defer an interruption from a colleague if they could see the next steps of their task on the equipment screen. We abstracted some elements of the simulation study into a controlled laboratory study to test whether visual cues support interruption management.Participants' primary task was to verify a set of linked arithmetic equations presented on a computer page. From time to time, an animated virtual character interrupted the participant to mimic a social interruption, and the participant chose whether or not to defer a response to the 1 Present address: Michael Weng,

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On the need for attention-aware systems: Measuring effects of interruption on task performance, error rate, and affective state

Cited by 450 publications

References 20 publications

Attention aware systems: Theories, applications, and research agenda

Attention aware systems: Theories, applications, and research agenda

Interruptions in the wild: portraying the handling of interruptions in manufacturing from a distributed cognition lens

Interruptions, visual cues, and the microstructure of interaction: Four laboratory studies

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