On the Secrecy Rate of Spatial Modulation-Based Indoor Visible Light Communications

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the physical-layer security for a spatial modulation (SM) based indoor visible light communication (VLC) system, which includes multiple transmitters, a legitimate receiver, and a passive eavesdropper (Eve). At the transmitters, the SM scheme is employed, i.e., only one transmitter is active at each time instant. To choose the active transmitter, a uniform selection (US) scheme is utilized. Two scenarios are considered: one is with non-negativity and average optical intensity constraints, the other is with non-negativity, average optical intensity and peak optical intensity constraints. Then, lower and upper bounds on the secrecy rate are derived for these two scenarios. Besides, the asymptotic behaviors for the derived secrecy rate bounds at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are analyzed. To further improve the secrecy performance, a channel adaptive selection (CAS) scheme and a greedy selection (GS) scheme are proposed to select the active transmitter. Numerical results show that the lower and upper bounds of the secrecy rate are tight. At high SNR, small asymptotic performance gaps exist between the derived lower and upper bounds. Moreover, the proposed GS scheme has the best performance, followed by the CAS scheme and the US scheme.

Performance Analysis and Improvement for Secure VLC With SLIPT and Random Terminals

“…where λ = (m + 1) A r T s gl m+1 /2π , and r k denotes the distance between the projection point O and Bob or Eve. According to (4) and (6), the received optical power at Eve can be given by…”

“…For multi-user VLC, the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the ergodic secrecy rate (SR) were derived in [3]. By using the spatial modulation, the SR for the VLC was discussed in [4]. To improve the PHY security, a channel determined subcarrier shifting scheme was proposed in [5] for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based VLC.…”

Underwater Optical Wireless Communications: Overview

“…Visible-light communication (VLC) is a technology that can solve these problems. In VLC systems the visible light spectrum (400-700 nm) used for illumination is modulated to transmit data [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Similar to VLC systems are underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC), systems where potential light sources are LDs instead of LEDs.…”

Interference Mitigation for Visible Light Communications in Underground Mines Using Angle Diversity Receivers

“…There are several benefits of using VLC technology compared to other wired and wireless communication techniques: unlicensed spectrum in which visible light operates; reasonable prices of the components that make up the VLC system; high data transfer rates; and, the most important VLC characteristic, the resistance to electromagnetic interference, providing reliable communication in addition to reducing the risk of accidents due to poor ambient lighting [10,11]. Another important characteristic of VLC systems is the security that it presents in the data transmission, specifically in the physical layer [12,13]. As is well known, several current research outputs presents VLC system models for indoor environments, which, due to their characteristics [14], are perfectly applicable to mining environments.…”