Oncologic Diseases of the Digestive System

Leibman, Nicole F.; Larson, Victoria S.; Ogilvie, Gregory K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-8676-9.50015-6

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…14,28,37,43,45 While surgical biopsies provide the most diagnostic detail, histologic interpretation of duodenal tissues obtained by endoscopy is difficult, and ideally, sections throughout the small intestine are encouraged. 14,37,56 The examined morphologic features such as villous stunting, crypt distension, lacteal dilation, or mucosal fibrosis did not help differentiate between severe IBD and lymphoma. 13 While dogs with intestinal lymphoma would be expected to present with a monomorphic lymphocytic population, in many cases, intestinal lymphomas may occur in conjunction with lymphoplasmacytic inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, the clinical presentation of the 2 entities is often similar, and diagnostic tests addressing those clinical signs, including fecal examination or deworming, blood tests, imaging, and correction of dietary errors, often remain inconclusive. 53,26,37 Morphologic assessment of the small intestine by endoscopic or surgical biopsy remains the ultimate diagnostic tool to differentiate IBD from intestinal lymphoma. 26,38 While endoscopy is less invasive and has minimal side effects for the patient in most cases, examination is limited to the mucosa, and even some deep mucosal lesions may escape detection in superficial biopsies.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…14,35,57 Occasionally, an intense inflammatory infiltrate induced by the tumor may mask neoplastic cells, resulting in an inaccurate diagnosis of IBD. 37 While surgical biopsies are guided by gross examination of the intestinal tract, and the ileocecal junction as a primary location of intestinal lymphoma is easily accessible, selection of endoscopic biopsy sites is limited to the upper portion of the small intestine. Last, the quality of endoscopic biopsies can be dramatically affected by collection techniques, which prompted a recent publication of standards for collecting endoscopic intestinal biopsies and their microscopic interpretation.…”

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Distinguishing Intestinal Lymphoma From Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canine Duodenal Endoscopic Biopsy Samples

et al. 2014

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and intestinal lymphoma are intestinal disorders in dogs, both causing similar chronic digestive signs, although with a different prognosis and different treatment requirements. Differentiation between these 2 conditions is based on histopathologic evaluation of intestinal biopsies. However, an accurate diagnosis is often difficult based on histology alone, especially when only endoscopic biopsies are available to differentiate IBD from enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) type 2, a small cell lymphoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of histopathology; immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD3, CD20, and Ki-67; and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for antigen receptor rearrangement (T-cell clonality) in the differential diagnosis of severe IBD vs intestinal lymphoma. Endoscopic biopsies from 32 dogs with severe IBD or intestinal lymphoma were evaluated. The original diagnosis was based on microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections alone followed by a second evaluation using morphology in association with IHC for CD3 and CD20 and a third evaluation using PCR for clonality. Our results show that, in contrast to feline intestinal lymphomas, 6 of 8 canine small intestinal lymphomas were EATL type 1 (large cell) lymphomas. EATL type 2 was uncommon. Regardless, in dogs, intraepithelial lymphocytes were not an important diagnostic feature to differentiate IBD from EATL as confirmed by PCR. EATL type 1 had a significantly higher Ki-67 index than did EATL type 2 or IBD cases. Based on the results of this study, a stepwise diagnostic approach using histology as the first step, followed by immunophenotyping and determining the Ki67 index and finally PCR for clonality, improves the accuracy of distinguishing intestinal lymphoma from IBD in dogs.

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Distinguishing Intestinal Lymphoma From Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canine Duodenal Endoscopic Biopsy Samples

et al. 2014

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“…The nonhematopoietic mesenchymal gastrointestinal neoplasms comprise 16% of all neoplasms of the digestive system, mainly affecting the large intestine with the cecum being the most affected site (BETTINI et al, 2003;CERIEL et al, 2007). The prevalence of colonic and rectal tumors in dogs is 2.8 to 4.1 for 10,000 dogs in the United States of America (LEIBMAN et al, 2003;RUSSEL et al, 2007). There are no studies with this type of information in Brazilian literature, but male dogs are the most affected and present a mean age of 9.8 years at the time of diagnosis (WASHABAU, 2013).…”

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The importance of clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical marking for differential diagnosis of non-hematopoietic gastrointestinal mesenchymal neoplasms in dogs: literature review

Leandro

Freitas

Sá

2017

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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Gastrointestinal neoplasms in dogs represent a challenge for the veterinary clinician and surgeon as they are mostly malignant and when the owner notices the primary clinical changes the disease may already be in an advanced stage. Due to the high clinical and histopathological similarity between mesenchymal gastrointestinal neoplasms, it is often impossible to establish the definitive morphological diagnosis using light microscopy alone. In addition, there are only a few articles describing the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics, which make its complete characterization urgent and relevant in our context in order to assist the veterinary clinician, surgeon, and pathologist in establishing a precise diagnosis of these tumors. Keywords: C-KIT. Sarcoma. Stomach. Intestine. Colon. Rectum. ResumoAs neoplasias gastrointestinais em cães representam casos desafiantes ao clínico e cirurgião, pois são em sua maioria malignas e, quando as primeiras alterações clínicas são notadas pelo proprietário do animal, a doença pode estar em estágio de desenvolvimento muito avançado. Devido à elevada similaridade clínica e histopatológica entre as neoplasias gastrointestinais mesenquimais, muitas vezes não é possível estabelecer o diagnóstico morfológico definitivo apenas com a microscopia de luz. Acrescenta-se que são poucos os artigos que descrevem as características anatomopatológicas e imuno-histoquímicas das neoplasias mesenquimais gastrointestinais que acometem os cães, o que torna premente a caracterização destas em nosso contexto, com o intuito de auxiliar clínico, cirurgião e patologista veterinário a estabelecer o diagnóstico destes tumores.

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“…Gastrointestinal carcinomas, gall bladder carcinomas, pancreatic cancers, lung cancers, breast cancers, kidney cancers and malignant melanomas most commonly metastasise to the liver (Mulligan and Mulligan 1949;Kapatkin et al 1992;Popp 1992;Withrow 2001;Leibman et al 2003;Liptak et al 2004). Liver tumours are also associated with malignant neoplasias of the lymphatic/haematopoietic system.…”

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Immunohistochemical analysis of metastasising hepatocellular carcinomas in dogs

Ciaputa¹,

Bandoch²,

Lewandowska³

et al. 2016

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:In this study, the immunohistochemical features of primary hepatocellular carcinomas and their metastases in visceral organs, including the lungs, spleen and kidneys were examined using antibodies against carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) cytokeratin (CK) 7 and 20, CD4, CD8, minichromosome maintenance protein 3 (MCM3), vimentin, and alpha 1 foetoprotein (AFP). In addition, Mallory's connective tissue stain, van Gieson's stain and Gomori methenamine silver stain were used. The study was performed on liver samples collected post mortem from five mixed-breed dogs aged 9-12 years. The tumours were classified according to the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Strong expression of MCM3 and AFP was found in the hepatic cancer cells and in the metastases to the lungs, spleen and kidneys. The primary tumours and metastatic foci did not react positively with the anti-CD4, anti-CD8, CEA, CK7 and CK20 antibodies. The connective tissue in the primary tumour and the metastases showed a positive reaction to vimentin. Canine hepatocellular carcinomas that metastasise are highly-malignant well-differentiated tumours that produce AFP and trace amounts of both carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin. Therefore, the metastasis resembles the primary tumour and has a common phenotype and genotype with the primary tumour.

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Oncologic Diseases of the Digestive System

Cited by 7 publications

References 95 publications

Distinguishing Intestinal Lymphoma From Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canine Duodenal Endoscopic Biopsy Samples

Distinguishing Intestinal Lymphoma From Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canine Duodenal Endoscopic Biopsy Samples

The importance of clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical marking for differential diagnosis of non-hematopoietic gastrointestinal mesenchymal neoplasms in dogs: literature review

Immunohistochemical analysis of metastasising hepatocellular carcinomas in dogs

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