One-generation reproduction toxicity study of Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) and lead acetate

Abstract

The reproductive toxicity of lead acetate and of a fungicide formulation (Dithane M-45) containing 80% mancozeb was studied on rats. Lead acetate was applied in the feed in the following dose groups: control, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 mg/kg of diet. The three treatment groups received, in addition to the above doses of lead acetate, 4,500 mg/kg Dithane M-45 in the diet. The method was based on the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 415 (1981). Clinical symptoms and mortality were not found in the parent generation. The body weight of female animals decreased significantly before the pregnancy period. This tendency was also seen in males after the combination treatment. At the two high dose levels a remarkable body weight increase was seen in the female animals during the lactation period. As a result of treatment, decreased body weight of offspring was measured during the lactation period. No gross pathological changes were seen. Histological examination showed general tubulonephrosis in the experimental animals. It can be established that the administration of Dithane M-45 did not enhance the reproductive toxicity of lead acetate.

Effect of in ovo glyphosate injection on embryonic development, serum biochemistry, antioxidant status and histopathological changes in newly hatched chicks

“…Protection has not only impacted on adult fowls but also on the development of the embryo within the egg (Szabó, Szemerédy, Kormos, Lehel, & Budai, ). The direct exposure of wild fowls’ eggs can be increased, inter alia, by irregular use of the pesticides, by inappropriate spraying techniques and by side drifting of spray liquids (Varnagy & Budai, ).…”

Toxic effects of mancozeb containing formulations and neemix pesticides on kidney function and ultrastructure of albino rats

“…Signes of tubulonephrosis on using mancozeb contaning fungicide formulation (Dithan M45) on rats was also recorded by Varnagy et al (2001).…”

“…Mancozeb must be considered a multi potent carcinogenic agent (Belpoggi et al 2002). Varnagy et al (2001) observed tubulonephrosis in their study on the reproduction toxicity of lead acetate and 80% mancozeb containing fugicide formulation (Dithane M45) on rats. Joint administration of lead acetate and a mancozeb-containing fungicide can cause maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and characteristic tetratogenic effects (Varnagy et al, 2000).…”