“…Pure PDMS can be roughened to obtain superhydrophobicity via replication ( Liu et al, 2006 ; Cho and Choi, 2008 ; Park et al, 2011 ; Dai et al, 2019 ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Schultz et al, 2020 ; Siddiquie et al, 2020 ), laser engraving ( Yong et al, 2013 ; Yong et al, 2017 ; Zhao et al, 2019a ; Zhang et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2021 ), introducing a sacrificial template ( Yu et al, 2017 ; Davis et al, 2018 ), wrinkling ( Zhao et al, 2013 ), 3D printing ( He et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2019 ), and other methods ( Zimmermann et al, 2008a ; Zimmermann et al, 2008b ; Artus and Seeger, 2014 ; Seo et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2021b ; Mazaltarim et al, 2021 ; Siddiqui et al, 2021 ; Park et al, 2022 ). As an example, for the PDMS to achieve superhydrophobicity, the replication methods use different molds, including natural morphologies (lotus leaves ( Liu et al, 2006 ), rose petals ( Dai et al, 2019 ), shark skin surfaces ( Liu et al, 2019 ), etc.…”