One Step Lithography of Polypyrrole

Abstract

Large areas of polypyrrole (PPy) thin films deposited onto inert polymeric substrates are structured by direct laser interference patterning (DLIP). Several square millimeter areas could be produced with one single (10 ns) pulse, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Nanometric arrays of lines (>600 nm) or grids of PPy deposited on dielectric polymers polypropilene or polypirrol (PP or PE) are fabricated by DLIP at 355 nm. The period of the lines structures, measured by white light interferometry (WLI), is 3.5 µm. Regular structures are analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a focus ion beam (FIB) tomography. It is shown that only the PPy film is structured while the PP or PE substrate remains unaltered. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV‐vis spectroscopy, permit to ensure that PPy chemical structure remains unaltered after the structuration process. The width of PPy lines can be tailored by controlling the fluence of the laser beam. Contact angle measurement shows that the wettability is affected by the structuring, making the surface more hydrophobic. The structuring technique seems to be suitable for the fabrication of PPy regular structures over various substrates.

Novel Fabrication of Solar Light-Heated Sponge through Polypyrrole Modification Method and Their Applications for Fast Cleanup of Viscous Oil Spills

“…Recently, polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles have received great attention on biomedical application due to their outstanding stability, controllable size, and good photothermal properties. , Typically, PPy nanoparticles have been reported to have a good adhesion to a variety of materials, such as hydrophilic glass and various curvatures. , Moreover, PPy is robust under mild stirring in water and seawater (35 000 ppm of NaCl solution) . What’s more, the excellent photothermal properties of PPy were assigned to the broad spectrum absorption (from visible to near-infrared) and holds high photothermal conversion efficiency.…”

“…15,16 Typically, PPy nanoparticles have been reported to have a good adhesion to a variety of materials, such as hydrophilic glass 17 and various curvatures. 18,19 Moreover, PPy is robust under mild stirring in water and seawater (35 000 ppm of NaCl solution). 17 absorption (from visible to near-infrared) and holds high photothermal conversion efficiency.…”

Controlled Fabrication of Polypyrrole Surfaces with Overhang Structures by Colloidal Templating

“…The crosslinked nature makes PPy difficult to process. 26 One of the few reports on structuring PPy after synthesis uses laser patterning; 27 however, complex 3D structures cannot be fabricated in this way. A bottom up approach with the desired surface structure fabricated in situ during PPy synthesis is therefore highly desirable.…”

Facile polypyrrole thin film coating on polypropylene membrane for efficient solar-driven interfacial water evaporation

“…1C); metal, inorganic and polymer surfaces; as well as on substrates of various curvatures, such as tubing or brous structures. 19,20 In comparison, electrochemical polymerization of PPy, which has been used to form interfacial solar membranes, requires the coating substrate to be able to conduct electricity. 9,19 The electrically conductive substrate has, at the same time, high thermal conductivity as well, which limits the efficiency and spreads out the localized heat.…”

“…2D). 19,20,25,26 The hydrophobicity of the PPy coating persists with the increase in the coating thickness from around 50 nm to 200 nm. To tune the wettability from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, silanization of uoroalkylsilane by chemical vapor was chosen to uniformly penetrate through the coating, including both the surface layer and the polymer and to voids inside.…”