Ontogeny of Feeding Behavior of First-Feeding Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>)

Coughlin, David J.

doi:10.1139/f91-225

Cited by 54 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is well known that proper timing of the strike is essential to a successful outcome. A fish will not capture prey if the strike occurs too early, when the prey is not in range, and strikes will be unsuccessful when the mouth of the predator is too close to the prey item prior to mouth opening (Nyberg, 1971;Webb and Skadsen, 1980;Coughlin, 1991). Our observations indicate that bluegill have a superior ability to position the suction flow field on the prey item.…”

Section: Accuracy During Feedingmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In studies of larval fishes, accuracy was quantified by the perpendicular uptake distance (PUD) between the centroid of the prey and the longitudinal axis of the fish (extending outward from the fish to the location of the prey) (Drost, 1987;Coughlin, 1991). In these cases, measurements were dependent on the orientation of the predator, both in ventral and lateral view.…”

Section: Accuracy During Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multidimensional analysis of suction feeding performance in fishes: fluid speed, acceleration, strike accuracy and the ingested volume of water

Higham

Day

Wainwright

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

140

264

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SUMMARY Suction feeding fish draw prey into the mouth using a flow field that they generate external to the head. In this paper we present a multidimensional perspective on suction feeding performance that we illustrate in a comparative analysis of suction feeding ability in two members of Centrarchidae, the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and bluegill sunfish(Lepomis macrochirus). We present the first direct measurements of maximum fluid speed capacity, and we use this to calculate local fluid acceleration and volumetric flow rate. We also calculated the ingested volume and a novel metric of strike accuracy. In addition, we quantified for each species the effects of gape magnitude, time to peak gape, and swimming speed on features of the ingested volume of water. Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) and high-speed video were used to measure the flow in front of the mouths of three fish from each species in conjunction with a vertical laser sheet positioned on the mid-sagittal plane of the fish. From this we quantified the maximum fluid speed (in the earthbound and fish's frame of reference), acceleration and ingested volume. Our method for determining strike accuracy involved quantifying the location of the prey relative to the center of the parcel of ingested water. Bluegill sunfish generated higher fluid speeds in the earthbound frame of reference, accelerated the fluid faster, and were more accurate than largemouth bass. However, largemouth bass ingested a larger volume of water and generated a higher volumetric flow rate than bluegill sunfish. In addition, because largemouth bass swam faster during prey capture, they generated higher fluid speeds in the fish's frame of reference. Thus, while bluegill can exert higher drag forces on stationary prey items, largemouth bass more quickly close the distance between themselves and prey. The ingested volume and volumetric flow rate significantly increased as gape increased for both species, while time to peak gape had little effect on the volume. However, peak gape distance did not affect the maximum fluid speed entering the mouth for either species. We suggest that species that generate high fluid speeds in the earthbound frame of reference will commonly exhibit small mouths and a high capacity to deliver force to buccal expansion,while species that ingest a large volume of water and generate high volumetric flow rates will have larger buccal cavities and cranial expansion linkage systems that favor displacement over force delivery.

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Section: Accuracy During Feedingmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Accuracy During Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional analysis of suction feeding performance in fishes: fluid speed, acceleration, strike accuracy and the ingested volume of water

Higham

Day

Wainwright

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

140

264

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, larval clownfish (Amphiprion perideraion) swim continuously and, upon encountering a patch of prey, exhibit an increased speed of swimming, a greater frequency of turning and higher turn angles which collectively result in a more localized search path [Coughlin et al, 1992]. The mechanism of capture may occur via either ram or suction prey-capture strategies [see e.g., Lauder, 1980;Coughlin, 1991;Cook, 1996;Von Herbing et al, 1996;Ferry-Graham, 1998;Budick and O'Malley, 2000a]. A video-rate study of larval clownfish shows that they develop a suction component to feeding within 5 days posthatching [Coughlin, 1994], whereas a hydrodynamic analysis of feeding by carp larvae (Cyprinus carpio) suggests that a combined ram-suction strategy may increase the efficiency of prey capture [Drost et al, 1988a, b].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prey Capture by Larval Zebrafish: Evidence for Fine Axial Motor Control

Borla¹,

Palecek²,

Budick³

et al. 2002

Brain Behav Evol

145

124

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Swimming and turning behaviors of larval zebrafish have been described kinematically, but prey capture behaviors are less well characterized. High-speed digital imaging was used to record the axial kinematics of larval zebrafish as they preyed upon paramecia and also during other types of swimming. In all types of swim bouts, a series of traveling waves of bending is observed and these bends propagate along the trunk in the rostral to caudal direction. The prey capture swim bouts appeared to be more complex than other swim patterns examined. In the capture swim bouts, the initial bends were of low amplitude and were most prominent at far-caudal locations during each individual traveling wave of bending. Later bends in the bout (occurring just prior to prey capture) appeared to originate more rostrally and were of larger amplitude. These changes in bending pattern during capture swims were accompanied by a marked increase in tail-beat frequency. Associated with these axial kinematics were changes in heading and an abrupt increase in velocity close to the moment of prey capture. These changing patterns of bending suggest precise, bend-to-bend, neural control over both the timing and the rostral-caudal locus of bending. This degree of ‘fine axial motor control’ has not previously been described in the teleost behavioral literature and is notable because it occurs in larval zebrafish, where descending control signals are funneled through the roughly three-hundred neurons that project from brain into spinal cord. These findings will necessitate a significant increase in the complexity of current models of descending motor control in fishes.

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“…However, a successful prey capture event depends on several factors related to both the predator and prey [8], and accuracy may not be directly related to success. Another more direct method linearly relates predator and prey position [6,19,27]. However, it may not be relevant for suction-feeding fishes, where predators rely on a volume of water positioned anterior to their jaws to capture prey [17,18,20,28,29], rather than their jaws directly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelled three-dimensional suction accuracy predicts prey capture success in three species of centrarchid fishes

Kane

Higham

2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Prey capture is critical for survival, and differences in correctly positioning and timing a strike (accuracy) are likely related to variation in capture success. However, an ability to quantify accuracy under natural conditions, particularly for fishes, is lacking. We developed a predictive model of suction hydrodynamics and applied it to natural behaviours using three-dimensional kinematics of three centrarchid fishes capturing evasive and non-evasive prey. A spheroid ingested volume of water (IVW) with dimensions predicted by peak gape and ram speed was verified with known hydrodynamics for two species. Differences in capture success occurred primarily with evasive prey (64-96% success). Micropterus salmoides had the greatest ram and gape when capturing evasive prey, resulting in the largest and most elongate IVW. Accuracy predicted capture success, although other factors may also be important. The lower accuracy previously observed in M. salmoides was not replicated, but this is likely due to more natural conditions in our study. Additionally, we discuss the role of modulation and integrated behaviours in shaping the IVW and determining accuracy. With our model, accuracy is a more accessible performance measure for suction-feeding fishes, which can be used to explore macroevolutionary patterns of prey capture evolution.

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Ontogeny of Feeding Behavior of First-Feeding Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Cited by 54 publications

References 8 publications

Multidimensional analysis of suction feeding performance in fishes: fluid speed, acceleration, strike accuracy and the ingested volume of water

Multidimensional analysis of suction feeding performance in fishes: fluid speed, acceleration, strike accuracy and the ingested volume of water

Prey Capture by Larval Zebrafish: Evidence for Fine Axial Motor Control

Modelled three-dimensional suction accuracy predicts prey capture success in three species of centrarchid fishes

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