2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23529-7
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Open fire exposure increases the risk of pregnancy loss in South Asia

Abstract: Interactions between climate change and anthropogenic activities result in increasing numbers of open fires, which have been shown to harm maternal health. However, few studies have examined the association between open fire and pregnancy loss. We conduct a self-comparison case-control study including 24,876 mothers from South Asia, the region with the heaviest pregnancy-loss burden in the world. Exposure is assessed using a chemical transport model as the concentrations of fire-sourced PM2.5 (i.e., fire PM2.5… Show more

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Cited by 42 publications
(34 citation statements)
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“…Since fire-sourced PM 2.5 is mixed with particles from other sources, it cannot be easily measured. Although the CTM-based approach has been widely utilized in a few large-scale studies ( Xue et al, 2021a ; Ye et al, 2021 ) to assess the LFS exposure, accuracy of its results cannot be evaluated directly. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the overall performance of the GEOS-Chem model by comparing the simulated PM 2.5 concentrations with the satellite-based estimates ( van Donkelaar et al, 2016 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since fire-sourced PM 2.5 is mixed with particles from other sources, it cannot be easily measured. Although the CTM-based approach has been widely utilized in a few large-scale studies ( Xue et al, 2021a ; Ye et al, 2021 ) to assess the LFS exposure, accuracy of its results cannot be evaluated directly. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the overall performance of the GEOS-Chem model by comparing the simulated PM 2.5 concentrations with the satellite-based estimates ( van Donkelaar et al, 2016 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is widely known that the effects of air on health outcomes might be modified by the seasons, and air pollutant emissions increased markedly during the winter months [ 51 , 52 ]. For example, short-term NO 2 exposure is significantly associated with an increased risk of RSA, and the effect of NO 2 exposure is more pronounced in the cold season [ 53 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The majority of the studies included in this review were conducted in the USA (n = 6, 28.6%) [27][28][29][30][31][32] and China (n = 6, 28.6%) [33][34][35][36][37][38], followed by Iran (n = 2, 9.5%) [39,40], South Asia (n = 2, 9.5%) [41,42], Africa (n = 1, 4.8%) [43], Australia (n = 1, 4.8%) [44], England (n = 1, 4.8%) [45], Israel (n = 1, 4.8%) [46], and Korea (n = 1, 4.8%) [47]. Retrospective cohort (n = 6) [31,34,[44][45][46][47] and case-control designs (n = 6) [30,35,38,[41][42][43] were most popular, followed by times series (n = 3) [33,39,40], prospective cohort (n = 2) [27,37], and case-crossover designs (n = 2) [28,32]. Two studies also used multiple designs to ensure robustness of findings [29,36].…”
Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Two studies also used multiple designs to ensure robustness of findings [29,36]. Most studies (n = 12) [27,29,31,32,36,38,[41][42][43][45][46][47] assessed exposures using the modeling approaches, while the rest used measurements from fixed-site air monitors (n = 9) [28, 30, 33-35, 37, 39, 40, 44]. In terms of exposure, 12 studies assessed long-term exposures across different periods of pregnancy [30, 34-38, 41, 42, 44-47], five studies assessed short-term impacts of exposures within the last week [28,32,33,39,40], three studies assessed both short-and long-term impacts [27,31,43], and one study investigated average exposure in the study area with no specific window [29].…”
Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning
confidence: 99%