Openability: producing design limits for consumer packaging

Yoxall, Alaster; Janson, R.; Bradbury, Simon; Langley, Joe; Wearn, J.; Hayes, Shannon

doi:10.1002/pts.725

Cited by 75 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…6,7 Much of the research into designing food packaging which is 'user-friendly' for an ageing population has involved measuring wrist strength for twisting jar lids. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] This information is valuable for ensuring that jars are designed with the ageing consumer in mind. However, it does not provide any indication for what the ageing consumers actually look for when purchasing food in packages and their attitudes towards currently available packaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Requirements for packaging from an ageing consumer's perspective

2008

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The overall objective of this research was to explore ageing consumers' attitudes towards currently available food packaging in New Zealand. Ninety-nine individuals (over the age of 60) in New Zealand were surveyed to determine packaging attributes of importance when selecting food products. This was followed with a focus group of 13 individuals to discuss improvements to packaging. Frequencies of responses were calculated for the survey data, and crosstabulations and chi-square tests were used to determine the relationships between variables. Price, safety, size of packaging and ability to recycle were of most importance to these individuals. Problems encountered with food packaging included tight lids, small printing and spillage during opening. Of the types of package closures investigated, opening of packages, rather than resealing of packages proved problematic. Fifty percent or more of respondents indicated that peelable induction seals, lug closures and continuous thread closures were problems that occurred 'very often' or 'frequently'. Sixty-one percent of the participants surveyed had asked for assistance opening some types of packages, and this was particularly prevalent among individuals who had weakness in their arms, hands or wrists. Changes to package closures suggested during the focus groups included increasing the size of twist off caps, larger ring pulls on aluminium cans and including more sliding resealable closures on foil and plastic packaging. Larger printing on labels was also recommended by the participants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Requirements for packaging from an ageing consumer's perspective

2008

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“…Although the children factor is less likely the case for those in the 46-62 age range, several studies have shown that accidents relating to packaging increase in frequency within the aging population. 1,2 An analysis of the data along the line of education level attained by the participants show no signifi cant trends and it is not shown in this paper. Figure 6 shows that single individuals were injured more frequently when compared with married people except for serious injuries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…When someone purchases a packaged product, the assumption is that the product is well protected and that access to it will be safe and easy. 2,3 Factors infl uencing the type of closure that consumers tend to favor are easy opening capabilities, dispensing design and reclosing features. Evidence of this can be seen in the now widely used easy-open ends on aluminum and tinplated steel food cans, for example.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer complaints and accidents related to food packaging

Caner

Pascall

2010

Packag Technol Sci

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This study investigated consumer complaints related to food packaging design and the occurrence of injuries associated with the opening of various types of containers. Each study participant (245) took a 15 min fact-to-face interview and was asked attitudinal questions about 10 different categories of packaging including cans, glass and plastic bottles and jars, and paper-based composite packages. The subjects were also asked whether they had been injured while opening these packaging types. The survey showed that cans which needed a tool for opening were most diffi cult to enter. In some cases the tool was the source of injury. The respondents were also most concerned about deformation, spillage and product wastage associated with these types of containers. This included brick-type composite packages without a peelable seal over the pour spout. A large percentage of the respondents felt that more information was needed on the various methods of opening packages in general. Glass bottles and jars were most likely to be used for storage of products after they were emptied of their original contents. The results of this study could be used by manufacturers to assist them in the design and development of packaging with a lower potential to cause accidents and injuries.

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“…The results showed that the elderly and the young groups exhibited significantly different torque and force profiles when attempting to open the bottles. Similar work was also conducted by researchers focusing on the opening force measurement and opening postures of bottles and jars [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].This interest in understanding the issues around openability has led to the development of European and international guidelines on the measurement of packaging seal forces and user test panel methods. The European technical specification DD CEN/TS 15945 [26] launched in 2011 sets out a framework for ease of opening evaluation for packaging and has more recently been superseded by ISO17480.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Seal Strength Evaluation of Flexible Plastic Films by Machine Testing and Human Peeling

Nilmanee

Jinkarn

Jarupan

et al. 2018

Journal of Testing and Evaluation

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ABSTRACT:The seal strength of flexible packaging indicates both functional performance and the ease of opening. This research aims to compare the seal peeling mechanisms evaluated by human participants and standard machine tests. The tests were conducted on flexible films used for typical packaging applications, LDPE, LLDPE and Nylon/LLDPE. Human peeling was simulated through the use of novel force measurement equipment. The results showed that the maximum machine peel force set by standard test methods was generally lower than the human peel force for most sealing temperatures. In all film types no significant difference was shown between genders although for people over 65 years peel force was generally lower than for the younger cohort. The results also indicated that peeling speed of human participants was normally higher than the peeling speed set according to the machine test standard.

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Openability: producing design limits for consumer packaging

Cited by 75 publications

References 5 publications

Requirements for packaging from an ageing consumer's perspective

Requirements for packaging from an ageing consumer's perspective

Consumer complaints and accidents related to food packaging

Seal Strength Evaluation of Flexible Plastic Films by Machine Testing and Human Peeling

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