Operant Self‐Administration of Ethanol in Sardinian Alcohol‐Preferring Rats

Vacca, Giovanni; Serra, Salvatore; Brunetti, Giuliana; Carai, Mauro A.M.; Samson, Herman H.; Gessa, Gian Luigi; Colombo, Giancarlo

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02470.x

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this study (Vacca et al . 2002), sP and sNP rats were initially exposed to the homecage two‐bottle ‘alcohol (10%, v/v) versus water’ choice regimen, with unlimited access for 24 hours/day, for 14 consecutive days.…”

Section: Operant Oral Self‐administration Of Alcohol In Sp and Snp Ratsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…These results also demonstrate that alcohol may function as a reinforcer in sP rats. Of interest, statistically significant high correlations have been found in sP rats between the amount of self‐administered alcohol and the number of lever presses on one hand and the deriving blood alcohol levels on the other, strengthening the hypothesis that lever pressing in sP rats was indeed sustained by the search for specific blood alcohol levels (Vacca et al . 2002).…”

Section: Operant Oral Self‐administration Of Alcohol In Sp and Snp Ratsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…To facilitate the comparison among the different line pairs, Samson and colleagues used identical settings and procedures in each experiment. A subsequent study added the sP/sNP line pair to this comparison (Vacca et al . 2002); to facilitate the comparison, a virtually identical methodology was used.…”

Section: Operant Oral Self‐administration Of Alcohol In Sp and Snp Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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REVIEW: Phenotypic characterization of genetically selected Sardinian alcohol‐preferring (sP) and ‐non‐preferring (sNP) rats

et al. 2006

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Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and -non-preferring (sNP) rats are one of the pairs of rat lines selectively bred for high and low alcohol preference and consumption, respectively, under the homecage, continuous two-bottle choice regimen. sP rats meet most of the fundamental criteria for an animal model of alcoholism, in that they voluntarily consume sufficient amounts of alcohol to achieve significant blood alcohol levels and produce psychopharmacological effects, including anxiolysis and motor stimulation. sP rats are also willing to 'work' (such as lever-pressing) for alcohol. Chronic alcohol drinking in sP rats results in the development of tolerance to a given effect of alcohol (specifically, motor incoordination) and relapse-like drinking (the alcohol deprivation effect). Conversely, sNP rats avoid alcohol virtually completely; their avoidance for alcohol being resistant even to an environmental manipulation such as long-term exposure to alcohol plus sucrose. sP and sNP rats have been characterized for different phenotypes, possibly associated to their different alcohol preference and consumption. In comparison with sNP rats, alcohol-naive sP rats displayed (1) more anxiety-related behaviors; (2) higher initial sensitivity to the locomotor stimulating and sedative/hypnotic effects of alcohol; and (3) lower sensitivity to the aversive effects of alcohol. The present paper reviews the data collected to date on alcohol drinking behavior and other alcohol-related behaviors in sP and sNP rats. The behavioral profile of sP rats is also compared with that of other lines of selectively bred alcohol-preferring rats and the heterogeneity resulting from this comparison is discussed in terms of different animal models for the different forms of alcoholism.

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Section: Operant Oral Self‐administration Of Alcohol In Sp and Snp Ratsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Operant Oral Self‐administration Of Alcohol In Sp and Snp Ratsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Operant Oral Self‐administration Of Alcohol In Sp and Snp Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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REVIEW: Phenotypic characterization of genetically selected Sardinian alcohol‐preferring (sP) and ‐non‐preferring (sNP) rats

et al. 2006

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“…Sprague-Dawley rats are known for poor levels of ethanol self-administration under free access conditions (Mormede et al, 2004; Vengeliene et al, 2005) yet our “jello shot” procedure produces intakes of 1 to 1.5 g/kg that are as least as high as those in other strains using either water deprivation or the sucrose fading procedure. For example, Wistar rats self administer about 0.625g/kg ethanol in a 30 min FR1 operant session (Heyser et al, 1997, 2003); Long-Evans rats consume 0.45g/kg ethanol during a 30-min FR3 session (Arolfo et al, 2004); and, sP rats have a mean ethanol intake in the 0.6 to 1.1 g/kg range over a 30 min FR1 session (Vacca et al, 2002). Thus, the “jello shot” procedure provides a reliable and efficient method for studying an animal model of self-administration of ethanol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent high-dose ethanol exposures increase motivation for operant ethanol self-administration: Possible neurochemical mechanism

Zharikova

Vaughan

et al. 2010

Brain Research

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We investigated the neurochemical mechanism of how high dose ethanol exposure may increase motivation for ethanol consumption. First, we developed an animal model of increased motivation for ethanol using a progressive ratio (PR) schedule. Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to administer 10% ethanol-containing gelatin or plain gelatin (on alternate weeks) in daily 30-min sessions under different fixed ratio (FR) and PR schedules. During FR schedules, rats self administered about 1 g/ kg ethanol which was decreased to 0.4±0.03 g/kg under PR10. Rats then received four pairs of either 3 g/kg ethanol or saline injections during the weeks when the reinforcer was plain gelatin. During subsequent ethanol gel sessions, breakpoints and ethanol consumption rose 40% in the high dose ethanol group by the fourth set of injections with no change in plain gel responding. Alterations in amino acids in the ventral striatum (VS) during PR10 responding for 10% ethanol gelatin and plain gelatin was measured using microdialysis sampling coupled with capillary electrophoresis and laserinduced fluorescence detection. There was greater release of taurine, glycine and glutamate in the NAC of the high dose ethanol rats during 10% ethanol-containing gelatin responding, compared to the control rats or during plain gel responding. An increase in the release of glycine in this same brain region has recently been shown to be involved with anticipation of a reward. Thus, it appears that intermittent high dose ethanol exposure not only increases motivation for ethanol responding but may also change neurotransmitter release that mediates anticipation of reinforcement which may play a key role in the development of alcoholism.

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“…However, studies of two-bottle preference with continuous access comparing HDID and HS mice have yielded very modest differences in preference (Crabbe, Spence, Brown, & Metten, 2011;Rosenwasser et al, 2012). These animals had first been drinking 10% ethanol versus water with continuous access in their home cage before being trained to drink on an operant schedule using a sucrose-fading procedure (Vacca et al, 2002). However, several such comparisons have employed limited-access sessions, though not conducted in the circadian dark.…”

Section: Unique Vs Common Genetic Contributions To Drinking Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic Complexity of Alcohol Drinking in Rodents

Crabbe

2014

Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence

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Operant Self‐Administration of Ethanol in Sardinian Alcohol‐Preferring Rats

Abstract: The results of the present study extend to the sP/sNP rat lines the finding that ethanol can be established as a reinforcer in selectively bred alcohol-preferring rats, whereas it has modest, if any, reinforcing properties in alcohol-nonpreferring rats.

Cited by 44 publications

References 32 publications

REVIEW: Phenotypic characterization of genetically selected Sardinian alcohol‐preferring (sP) and ‐non‐preferring (sNP) rats

REVIEW: Phenotypic characterization of genetically selected Sardinian alcohol‐preferring (sP) and ‐non‐preferring (sNP) rats

Intermittent high-dose ethanol exposures increase motivation for operant ethanol self-administration: Possible neurochemical mechanism

The Genetic Complexity of Alcohol Drinking in Rodents

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