Ophthalmological factors influencing visual asthenopia as a result of viewing 3D displays

Abstract

Accommodation and binocular vergence are predominant ophthalmological factors that may influence asthenopia significantly following the viewing of 3D displays. Subjective visual discomfort also significantly increased following the viewing of 3D displays. And there is the need for more detailed evaluation for detecting the practically related factors with asthenopia.

Changes in ocular factors according to depth variation and viewer age after watching a three-dimensional display

“…Interestingly, NPA and NPC were increased more in the 40s–50s group than the 20s–30s group after watching the 3D video with a 3° disparity. Our results are consistent with a previous report that NPA and NPC increased significantly following viewing of a 3D display 7. We believe that the difference in focal distances requires the viewer to uncouple vergence and accommodation; this conflict could lead to transiently decreased accommodation and convergence abilities.…”

“…Interestingly, the 40s–50s group showed no significant change in many subjective visual symptoms after watching the 3D videos. In a previous study, all subjective symptoms were altered significantly after watching 3D videos but there was no significant correlation between changes in ocular factors and subjective symptoms 7. However, that study included only young subjects (mean age, 25.33 years).…”

“…Additionally, Seo et al 14 reported that tBUT decreased significantly after near visual tasks, and noted a significant relationship between aesthenopia and dry eye syndrome. However, Wee et al 7 reported no significant difference in tBUT between baseline data and results after watching 3D displays. In our study, tBUT was decreased significantly after watching 3D images in all subjects.…”

“…Subjective assessment methods, such as questionnaires, are commonly used to evaluate visual fatigue with regard to 3D images 3 7 25. Interestingly, the 40s–50s group showed no significant change in many subjective visual symptoms after watching the 3D videos.…”

“…A recent study compared ocular changes and visual symptoms between viewing 2D and 3D images 7. They used commercial 3D images, composed of 2D and 3D images, and performed eight types of examination.…”