Opioid Peptides: An Overview of Functional Significance

Kaur, Jaspreet; Kumar, Vikas; Sharma, Kartik; Kaur, Sawinder; Gat, Yogesh; Goyal, Ankit; Tanwar, Beenu

doi:10.1007/s10989-019-09813-7

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…All are produced in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and in different parts of the nervous system and brain. Among all of them, β-endorphins are the most powerful one and play a crucial role as a neuromodulator [ 55 ]; they help to alleviate stress, body pain, and anxiety behaviors [ 55 , 56 ]. Endomorphins consist of types 1 and 2 endomorphins and dynorphins; both are located in the central nervous system and play significant roles in pain and stress-related conditions.…”

Section: Classification Of Opioid Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, there are various other food sources too that are reported as a source of exogenous opioid peptides such as barley (hordein peptide [ 79 ]), wheat (Gluten (gluten exorphins), a major wheat protein complex, Gliadin (gliadorphin), Glutenin (gluten morphin) peptides [ 55 ]), while gliadorphin-7 (Tyr-Pro-Gln-Pro-Gln-Pro-Phe) derived from α-gliadin has shown opioid activity [ 92 ]. In another study, whey protein consisting of β-lactoglobulin, immunoglobulins, α-lactalbumin, lactoperoxidase, lactoferrin, etc.…”

Section: Classification Of Opioid Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food-Derived Opioid Peptides in Human Health: A Review

Tyagi

Daliri

Ofosu

et al. 2020

IJMS

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World Health Organization data suggest that stress, depression, and anxiety have a noticeable prevalence and are becoming some of the most common causes of disability in the Western world. Stress-related disorders are considered to be a challenge for the healthcare system with their great economic and social impact. The knowledge on these conditions is not very clear among many people, as a high proportion of patients do not respond to the currently available medications for targeting the monoaminergic system. In addition, the use of clinical drugs is also associated with various side effects such as vomiting, dizziness, sedation, nausea, constipation, and many more, which prevents their effective use. Therefore, opioid peptides derived from food sources are becoming one of the safe and natural alternatives because of their production from natural sources such as animals and plant proteins. The requirement for screening and considering dietary proteins as a source of bioactive peptides is highlighted to understand their potential roles in stress-related disorders as a part of a diet or as a drug complementing therapeutic prescription. In this review, we discussed current knowledge on opioid endogenous and exogenous peptides concentrating on their production, purification, and related studies. To fully understand their potential in stress-related conditions, either as a drug or as a therapeutic part of a diet prescription, the need to screen more dietary proteins as a source of novel opioid peptides is emphasized.

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Section: Classification Of Opioid Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classification Of Opioid Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food-Derived Opioid Peptides in Human Health: A Review

Tyagi

Daliri

Ofosu

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Endogenous opioid peptides include endorphins, enkephalins, and dynorphins, which are produced naturally in the body from larger proteins, namely, proopiomelanocortin, proenkephalin, and prodynorphin, respectively, by enzymatic hydrolysis caused by peptidases (Pihlanto‐Leppälä, 2000). It was found that opioid peptides typically contain four to eight amino acids and share a common structural motif where they have the same N‐terminal sequence, YGGF, and are termed as typical opioid peptides (Kaur et al., 2019; Pihlanto‐Leppälä, 2000). Efforts have been made to modify these endogenous peptides into semisynthetic analogues through amino acid substitution, addition, deletion, cyclization, or hybridization to make them more potent to be used as clinical analgesics (Garg et al., 2016; Janecka et al., 2004; Liu & Wang, 2012).…”

Section: Structure–activity Relationship Of Bpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive peptides from food fermentation: A comprehensive review of their sources, bioactivities, applications, and future development

Chai

Voo

Chen

2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

160

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Bioactive peptides (BPs) are specific protein fragments that exert various beneficial effects on human bodies and ultimately influence health, depending on their structural properties and amino acid composition and sequences. By offering promising solutions to solve diverse health issues, the production, characterization, and applications of food-derived BPs have drawn great interest in the current literature and are of particular interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries. The microbial fermentation of protein from various sources is indubitably a novel way to produce BPs with numerous beneficial health effects. Apart from its lower cost as compared to enzymes, the BPs produced from microbial fermentation can be purified without further hydrolysis. Despite these features, current literature shows dearth of information on the BPs produced from food via microbial fermentation. Hence, there is a strong necessity to explore the BPs obtained from food fermentation for the development of commercial nutraceuticals and functional foods. As such, this review focuses on the production of BPs from different food sources, including the extensively studied milk and milk products, with emphasis on microbial fermentation. The structure-activity (antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, opiate-like, anti-inflammatory, anticancer/antiproliferative, antithrombotic, hypolipidemic, hypocholesterolemic, and mineral binding) relationship, potential applications, future development, and challenges of BPs obtained from food fermentation are also discussed.

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“…Endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins, and nociceptins/orphanins represent the four families of endogenous opioids [ 22 , 23 ]. They are peptides of varying length and are mainly synthesized and released by well-identified neuronal sub-populations located in the CNS [ 23 ]. In addition to this neuronal production, opioids can also be synthesized and released by immune cells [ 24 ].…”

Section: Opioids Immune System and Tissue Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are currently called MORs, delta opioid receptors, kappa opioid receptor, and opioid-receptor-like 1 receptors. Their endogenous ligands are β-endorphin, dynorphin, met-enkephalin, and nociceptin, respectively, although these peptides show significant cross-affinity for all opioid receptors [ 22 , 23 , 26 , 27 ]. All these receptors belong to the super family of 7-domain transmembrane receptors and are predominantly coupled to G proteins of the α i or α 0 type.…”

Section: Opioids Immune System and Tissue Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Regeneration: The Dark Side of Opioids

Berthézène

Rabiller

Jourdan

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Opioids are regarded as among the most effective analgesic drugs and their use for the management of pain is considered standard of care. Despite their systematic administration in the peri-operative period, their impact on tissue repair has been studied mainly in the context of scar healing and is only beginning to be documented in the context of true tissue regeneration. Indeed, in mammals, growing evidence shows that opioids direct tissue repair towards scar healing, with a loss of tissue function, instead of the regenerative process that allows for recovery of both the morphology and function of tissue. Here, we review recent studies that highlight how opioids may prevent a regenerative process by silencing nociceptive nerve activity and a powerful anti-inflammatory effect. These data open up new perspectives for inducing tissue regeneration and argue for opioid-restricted strategies for managing pain associated with tissue injury.

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Opioid Peptides: An Overview of Functional Significance

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Food-Derived Opioid Peptides in Human Health: A Review

Food-Derived Opioid Peptides in Human Health: A Review

Bioactive peptides from food fermentation: A comprehensive review of their sources, bioactivities, applications, and future development

Tissue Regeneration: The Dark Side of Opioids

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