Opposite Dynamics of GABA and Glutamate Levels in the Occipital Cortex during Visual Processing

Kurcyus, Katarzyna; Annaç, Efsun; Hanning, Nina M.; Harris, Ashley D.; Oeltzschner, George; Edden, Richard A.E.; Riedl, Valentin

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1214-18.2018

Cited by 72 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…By contrast, we found no relationships between the change in different metabolite concentrations. (Kurcyus et al, 2018). This work revealed that GABA+ concentrations were higher when participants had their eyes closed, compared to open in darkness, while Glx concentration was lower when participants eyes were closed, compared to when receiving visual stimulation.…”

Section: Low Resolution Temporal Dynamics Of Gaba and Glxmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…To compare these with data measured from another brain region, we reanalysed previously gathered MR spectroscopic data targeting the posterior cingulate cortex (Mikkelsen et al, 2017(Mikkelsen et al, , 2019. For the purpose of further comparison, we also reanalysed data from a study investigating metabolite concentrations in the visual cortex under different viewing conditions (Kurcyus et al, 2018).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Segmentation was performed using the Statistical Parametric Mapping toolbox for MATLAB (SPM12, http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/). In addition to the abovementioned primary datasets, we also reanalysed a subset of the data from (Kurcyus et al, 2018); scans for which the authors had access to in individual acquisition format (as opposed to a scan average). The dataset we reanalysed comprised 29, 27, and 28 measurements from an MRS voxel targeting V1, while participants had their eyes closed, open in darkness, or open while viewing an alternating checkerboard stimulus, respectively.…”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dataset we reanalysed comprised 29, 27, and 28 measurements from an MRS voxel targeting V1, while participants had their eyes closed, open in darkness, or open while viewing an alternating checkerboard stimulus, respectively. A detailed description of the data acquisitions is provided in (Kurcyus et al, 2018). To summarize the procedure, magnetic resonance scanning targeting visual cortex was conducted on a 3T Siemens Biograph mMR system equipped a 12-channel head coil.…”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A common approach used to identify metabolite involvement in cognitive processes with MRS is to measure the concentration of metabolites in a group of participants, within a brain region of interest, and test whether individual variance of a particular metabolite is related to performance on a task supported by the cognitive process. For example, concentration of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the visual cortex is positively related with visual discrimination of orientation (Edden, Muthukumaraswamy, Freeman, & Singh, 2009;Kurcyus et al, 2018;Mikkelsen, Harris, Edden, & Puts, 2018). This evidence has been interpreted as indicating that sharp neuronal tuning for orientation is supported by inhibition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal dynamics of GABA and Glx in the visual cortex

Rideaux

2020

Preprint

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can be used in vivo to differentiate types of neural activity, e.g., inhibitory and excitatory, and provide evidence for the involvement of different neurotransmitter systems in cognitive processes. The relatively low signal-to-noise of MRS measurements has shaped the types of questions that it has been used to address. In particular, temporal resolution is often sacrificed in MRS studies to achieve sufficient signal to produce a reliable estimate of metabolite concentration. Here we apply novel analyses with large datasets to reveal the dynamics of GABA+ and Glx in the visual cortex, and compare this with changes in the posterior cingulate cortex. We find that the dynamic concentrations of GABA+ and Glx in the visual cortex drifts in opposite directions, that is, GABA+ decreased while Glx increases over time. Further, we find that in both the visual and posterior cingulate cortices, the concentration of GABA+ predicts that of Glx ~30 sec later, such that an increase in GABA+ is correlated with a subsequent reduction in Glx. Together, these results expose novel temporal trends and interdependencies of primary neurotransmitters both locally, in the visual cortex, and globally, across multiple brain regions. More broadly, we demonstrate the feasibility of using MRS to investigate in vivo dynamic changes of metabolites.

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Section: Low Resolution Temporal Dynamics Of Gaba and Glxmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Temporal dynamics of GABA and Glx in the visual cortex

Rideaux

2020

Preprint

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Concentrations of Cortical GABA and Glutamate in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2020

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The balance of excitation and inhibition in neural circuits is hypothesized to be increased in autism spectrum disorder, possibly mediated by altered signaling of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γaminobutyric acid (GABA), yet empirical evidence in humans is inconsistent. We used edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to quantify signals associated with both GABA and the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate in multiple regions of the sensory and sensorimotor cortex, including primary visual, auditory, and motor areas in adult individuals with autism and in neurotypical controls. Despite the strong a priori hypothesis of reduced GABA in autism spectrum disorder, we found no group differences in neurometabolite concentrations in any of the examined

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Continuous and intermittent theta burst stimulation to the visual cortex do not alter GABA and glutamate concentrations measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy

et al. 2022

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Background: Theta burst stimulation (TBS), a form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), uses repeated high-frequency bursts to non-invasively modulate neural processes in the brain. An intermittent TBS (iTBS) protocol is generally considered "excitatory," while continuous TBS (cTBS) is considered "inhibitory." However, the majority of work that has led to these effects being associated with the respective protocols has been done in the motor cortex, and it is well established that TMS can have variable effects across the brain. Objectives and method:We investigated the effects of iTBS and cTBS to the primary visual cortex (V1) on composite levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid + co-edited macromolecules (GABA+) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) since these are key inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters, respectively. Participants received a single session of cTBS, iTBS, or sham TBS to V1. GABA+ and Glx were quantified in vivo at the stimulation site using spectral-edited proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) at 3T. Baseline pre-TBS GABA+ and Glx levels were compared to immediate post-TBS and 1 h post-TBS levels.Results: There were no significant changes in GABA+ or Glx following either of the TBS conditions. Visual cortical excitability, measured using phosphene thresholds, remained unchanged following both cTBS and iTBS conditions. There was no relationship between excitability thresholds and GABA+ or Glx levels. However, TBS did alter the relationship between GABA+ and Glx for up to 1 h following stimulation. Conclusions:These findings demonstrate that a single session of TBS to the visual cortex can be used without significant effects on the tonic levels of these key neurotransmitters; and add to our understanding that TBS has differential effects at visual, motor, and frontal cortices.

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Opposite Dynamics of GABA and Glutamate Levels in the Occipital Cortex during Visual Processing

Cited by 72 publications

References 37 publications

Temporal dynamics of GABA and Glx in the visual cortex

Temporal dynamics of GABA and Glx in the visual cortex

Concentrations of Cortical GABA and Glutamate in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Continuous and intermittent theta burst stimulation to the visual cortex do not alter GABA and glutamate concentrations measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy

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