“…MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) scanners have been widely adopted in a variety of photonics-related research fields or products. In telecommunications, they are the key enabling components for two-dimensional (2D) [1] and three-dimensional (3D) [2,3] optical cross-connects (OXCs), dynamic gain equalizers [4,5], wavelength adddrop multiplexers (WADMs) [6,7] and wavelength-selective switches (WSSs) [8][9][10]. They offer low optical insertion loss and crosstalk, independent of polarization and wavelength, as well as optical transparency for bit rate and data format.…”