Optical Mapping of Brain Activation and Connectivity in Occipitotemporal Cortex During Chinese Character Recognition

Hu, Zhishan; Zhang, Juan; Couto, Tania Alexandra; Xu, Shiyang; Luan, Ping; Yuan, Zhen

doi:10.1007/s10548-018-0650-y

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Although the brain activation and FC were, respectively, examined in a single study, [28][29][30][31] the relationship between these two perspectives has not been extensively explored. For example, Mennes et al 32 inspected the relationship between restingstate FC and brain activation by using the flanker task, in which they discovered that the resting-state FC within default mode networks showed a negative correlation with the task-evoked brain activation, whereas the task-based FC positively correlated with the brain activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking brain activation to topological organization in the frontal lobe as a synergistic indicator to characterize the difference between various cognitive processes of executive functions

Zhang

et al. 2019

Neurophoton.

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Executive functions (EFs) associated with the frontal lobe are vital for goal-orientated behavior. To date, limited efforts have been made to examine the relationships among the behavior, brain activation, and topological organization of functional networks in the frontal lobe underlying various EF tasks, including inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. In this study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging technique was used to systematically inspect the differences in the brain activation and the topological organization of brain networks between various EF tasks in the frontal lobe. In addition, the relationships between brain activation/network properties and task performances and the relationships between brain activation and network properties were, respectively, examined for different EF tasks. Consequently, we have discovered that the nodal and global properties of the resting-state and task-evoked networks, respectively, exhibited significant correlations with the activation of various brain regions during various EF tasks. In particular, the measure that links the neural activation to the topological organization of the brain networks in the frontal lobe can serve as a synergistic indicator to examine the difference between various EF tasks, which paves a way toward a comprehensive understanding of the neural mechanism underlying EFs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking brain activation to topological organization in the frontal lobe as a synergistic indicator to characterize the difference between various cognitive processes of executive functions

Zhang

et al. 2019

Neurophoton.

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“…Data processing was performed using the MATLAB toolbox HomER2 ( 59 ). Firstly, optical density change was generated from the data on raw intensity ( 60 ), and the motion artifacts were then corrected using the Spline interpolation algorithm ( 61 ). Secondly, a band-pass filter of 0.01–0.2 Hz was used to further process the optical density changes ( 62 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Task Complexity and Image Clarity Facilitate Motor and Visuo-Motor Activities in Mirror Therapy in Post-stroke Patients

2021

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Introduction: Mirror therapy is effective in the recovery of upper-limb function among post-stroke patients. An important component of mirror therapy is imagining finger movements. This study aimed to determine the influence of finger movement complexity and mirror image clarity on facilitating motor and visuo-motor activities in post-stroke patients.Methods: Fifteen post-stroke patients and 18 right-handed healthy participants performed simple or complex finger tapping while viewing mirror images of these movements at varying levels of clarity. The physical setup was identical to typical mirror therapy. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to capture the brain activities elicited in the bilateral primary motor cortices (M1) and the precuneus using a block experimental design.Results: In both study groups, the “complex finger-tapping task with blurred mirror image” condition resulted in lower intensity (p < 0.01) and authenticity (p < 0.01) of the kinesthetic mirror illusion, and higher levels of perceived effort in generating the illusion (p < 0.01), relative to the “simple finger-tapping with clear mirror image” condition. Greater changes in the oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration were recorded at the ipsilesional and ipsilateral M1 in the “complex finger-tapping task with blurred mirror image” condition relative to that recorded in the “simple finger-tapping task with clear mirror image” condition (p = 0.03). These HbO concentration changes were not significant in the precuneus. Post-stroke patients showed greater changes than their healthy counterparts at the ipsilesional M1 (F = 5.08; p = 0.03; partial eta squared = 0.14) and the precuneus (F = 7.71; p < 0.01; partial eta squared = 0.20).Conclusion: The complexity and image clarity of the finger movements increased the neural activities in the ipsilesional motor cortex in the post-stroke patients. These findings suggest plausible roles for top-down attention and working memory in the treatment effects of mirror therapy. Future research can aim to corroborate these findings by using a longitudinal design to examine the use of mirror therapy to promote upper limb motor recovery in post-stroke patients.

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“…The data were further band-pass filtered by a low cutoff filter frequency of 0.1 Hz and a high cut-off filter frequency of 0.01 Hz in order to minimize the physiological noise due to heart pulsation (1∼1.5 Hz), respiration (0.2∼0.5 Hz), and blood pressure (Mayer) waves (∼0.1 Hz) as well as produce the data with the best signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, HbO concentration changes were generated using filtered OD values after normalized to zero mean and unit variance (z-scores; Zhang et al, 2010;Ding et al, 2013Ding et al, , 2014Hu et al, 2018). The relative concentration changes of HbO were calculated according to the modified Beer-Lambert law (MBLL) (Lu et al, 2016) as follows: [HbO] [HbR] = 1 SD ε HbO (λ 1 )DPF(λ 1 ) ε HbR (λ 1 )DPF(λ 1 ) ε HbO (λ 2 )DPF(λ 2 ) ε HbR (λ 2 )DPF(λ 2 )…”

Section: Fnirs Recordings and Processing Fnirs Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Functional Connectivity in the Motor and Prefrontal Cortex for Children With Down's Syndrome: An fNIRS Study

Wang³

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Children with Down's syndrome (DS) might exhibit disrupted brain functional connectivity in the motor and prefrontal cortex. To inspect the alterations in brain activation and functional connectivity for children with DS, the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) method was applied to examine the brain activation difference in the motor and prefrontal cortex between the DS and typically developing (TD) groups during a fine motor task. In addition, small-world analysis based on graph theory was also carried out to characterize the topological organization of functional brain networks. Interestingly, behavior data demonstrated that the DS group showed significantly long reaction time and low accuracy as compared to the TD group (p < 0.05). More importantly, significantly reduced brain activations in the frontopolar area, the pre-motor, and the supplementary motor cortex (p < 0.05) were identified in the DS group compared with the TD group. Meanwhile, significantly high global efficiency (E g ) and short average path length (L p ) were also detected for the DS group. This pilot study illustrated that the disrupted connectivity of frontopolar area, pre-motor, and supplementary motor cortex might be one of the core mechanisms associated with motor and cognitive impairments for children with DS. Therefore, the combination of the fNIRS technique with functional network analysis may pave a new avenue for improving our understanding of the neural mechanisms of DS.

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Optical Mapping of Brain Activation and Connectivity in Occipitotemporal Cortex During Chinese Character Recognition

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Linking brain activation to topological organization in the frontal lobe as a synergistic indicator to characterize the difference between various cognitive processes of executive functions

Linking brain activation to topological organization in the frontal lobe as a synergistic indicator to characterize the difference between various cognitive processes of executive functions

Task Complexity and Image Clarity Facilitate Motor and Visuo-Motor Activities in Mirror Therapy in Post-stroke Patients

Altered Functional Connectivity in the Motor and Prefrontal Cortex for Children With Down's Syndrome: An fNIRS Study

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