Optimal cell tab design and cooling strategy for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries

Shen, Li; Kirkaldy, Niall; Zhang, Cheng; Gopalakrishnan, Krishnakumar; Amietszajew, Tazdin; Diaz, Laura Bravo; Barreras, Jorge Varela; Shams, Mosayeb; Hua, Xing; Patel, Yatish; Offer, Gregory J.; Marinescu, Monica

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229594

Cited by 74 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Li et al 16 studied the effects of single-tab and multi-tab variations up to a continuous "all-tab" design on discharge performance for a high-energy 21 700 cell format with a 3D electrothermal model. Furthermore, the influence of mantle cooling versus a top and base cooling strategy was investigated.…”

Section: Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

Frank¹,

Sturm²,

Steinhardt³

et al. 2022

ECS Adv.

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The 18650 and 21700 cell format are state of the art for high-energy cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, while Tesla proposed the new 4680 format with a continuous "tabless" design as the choice for electric vehicle applications. Using an experimentally validated multidimensional multiphysics model describing a high energy NMC811/Si-C cylindrical lithium-ion battery, the effects of tabless design and cooling topologies are evaluated for 18650, 21700, and 4680 cell formats under varying charging protocols. Mantle cooling is found to be the most efficient cooling topology for a segmented tab design, whereas tab cooling performs equally well for tabless cells and achieves better performance for the 4680 format. By massively reducing polarization drops (approx. 250 mV at 3C) and heat generation inside the current collectors (up to 99%), the tabless design increases cell homogeneity and enables format-independent scalability of fast-charging performance with a tab-cooling topology. In addition, the 0 to 0.8 SoC charge time can be reduced by 4 to 10 minutes compared to cells with a segmented tab design, resulting in 16.2 minutes for the 18650 and 21700, and 16.5 minutes for the larger 4680 cell format.

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Section: Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

Frank¹,

Sturm²,

Steinhardt³

et al. 2022

ECS Adv.

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show abstract

“…For instance, heterogeneous particle distributions or porosity profiles on the electrode level can lead to localized lithium plating. 133 Furthermore, the presence and location of electrode tabs in cylindrical cells can create electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical gradients, 18,130,[134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141] in some cases also leading to localized lithium plating 18,62 . Heterogeneity can also arise from ambient factors, e.g., thermal gradients induced by environment or thermal management systems.…”

Section: Mechanical Deformation Kneesmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Knees" in lithium-ion battery aging trajectories

Attia,

Bills,

Planella

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Lithium-ion batteries can last many years but sometimes exhibit rapid, nonlinear degradation that severely limits battery lifetime. In this work, we review prior work on "knees" in lithium-ion battery aging trajectories. We first review definitions for knees and three classes of "internal state trajectories" (termed snowball, hidden, and threshold trajectories) that can cause a knee. We then discuss six knee "pathways", including lithium plating, electrode saturation, resistance growth, electrolyte and additive depletion, percolation-limited connectivity, and mechanical deformation-some of which have internal state trajectories with signals that are electrochemically undetectable. We also identify key design and usage sensitivities for knees. Finally, we discuss challenges and opportunities for knee modeling and prediction. Our findings illustrate the complexity and subtlety of lithium-ion battery degradation and can aid both academic and industrial efforts to improve battery lifetime.

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“…Surprisingly, regarding electric vehicle (EV) applications, temperature and its gradient (which essentially govern the battery chemistry and lifetime 12 ) are not presently measured at cell level directly, but at the module level. Analog temperature sensors [13][14][15][16] are being explored for individual-cell sensing, but their size and necessary wiring have hampered their integration. However, even with precise knowledge of cell temperature, BMS units are still relegated to inferring reliability and performance using statistical approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing as the key to battery lifetime and sustainability

2022

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Recent economic and productivity gains of rechargeable batteries have cemented their dominance in energy-intensive societies. With demand soaring, enhancing battery performance through continuous monitoring is essential to limiting their environmental footprint. While some benefits of sensing have been known for a century, the convergence of fiber optic techniques with new battery platforms is poised to change the industry as a wealth of chemical, thermal, and mechanical data will transform the utilization strategies for new and used lithium-ion devices alike. This Review highlights recent advances and associated benefits with a focus on optical sensors that could improve the sustainability of batteries.

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Optimal cell tab design and cooling strategy for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries

Cited by 74 publications

References 52 publications

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

"Knees" in lithium-ion battery aging trajectories

Sensing as the key to battery lifetime and sustainability

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