Optimal Design for Distributed Secondary Voltage Control in Islanded Microgrids: Communication Topology and Controller

Lou, Guannan; Gu, Wei; Wang, Jianhui; Sheng, Wanxing; Sun, Lei

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2018.2870058

Cited by 55 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The distributed control typically requires each control unit to exchange information with its neighbors, the communication requirements varying from sending and receiving measurements (e.g. active/reactive power, voltage, and frequency) to and from all direct neighbors [43], to optimized solutions that reduce the communication burden to only selected neighbors [37].…”

Section: B Secondary Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication Requirements in Microgrids: A Practical Survey

et al. 2020

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Progress in Microgrid (MG) research has evolved the MG concept from classical, purely MG power networks to more advanced power and communications networks. The communications infrastructure helps control and manage the unreliable power outputs that most standard power generation elements of the MG (e.g., wind turbines and photo-voltaic panels) deliver. Although communication technologies do offer certain advantages for sensing and control, they generate other complications due to packet loss and packet latency, among other transmission impairments. In this work, we discuss the impact of communications on MG performance, establishing the requirements of data exchanges and system response in the three levels of a hierarchical control approach: primary, secondary, and tertiary. With a focus on the secondary level-responsible for ensuring the restoration of electrical parameters-we identify standards, networking protocols, and communication technologies relevant for the interoperability of MGs and clusters of MGs, including both modes of operation: isolated and grid-connected. We review theoretical approaches and practical implementations that consider the effects of the communications network on the general performance of the MG. Moreover, we undertake an experimental analysis of the influence of wired and wireless communication networks on MG performance, revealing the importance of designing future smart control solutions more robust to communication degradation, especially if wireless technologies are integrated to provide scalable deployments. Aspects such as resilience, security, and interoperability are also shown to require continuing efforts in research and practical applications.

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Section: B Secondary Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication Requirements in Microgrids: A Practical Survey

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, the fast nature of MG secondary control makes them more prone to communication weaknesses compared to conventional secondary controls on larger power systems. Several recent works have assessed the robustness of MGs secondary control methods against time delays [56][57][58][59][60], using random modelling of the delays for centralized control [56] or Markov chains modelling of the delays for distributed secondary control [57]. Most of these studies focus on frequency and voltage regulation controllers, however optimal energy management controls on the secondary levels can be also affected by communication delays [58].…”

Section: Secondary Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The robustness and limitations of such controls against communication issues need to be more thoroughly addressed in the future. A multi-objective optimization criterion is proposed for the optimization of communication network design, taking into consideration the secondary control convergence performance, network-relevant time delays, and communication network costs [60].…”

Section: Secondary Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Research in Microgrids Control

Vasilakis

Zafeiratou

Lagos

et al. 2020

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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Microgrids (MGs), as novel paradigms of active Distribution Networks, have been gaining increasing interest by the research community in the last 20 years. Currently, they are considered as key components in power system decentralization, providing viable solutions for rural electrification, enhancing resilience and supporting local energy communities. Their main characteristic is the coordinated control of the interconnected distributed energy resources (DER), which can be realized by various methods, ranging from decentralized communicationfree approaches to centralized ones, where decisions are taken at a central point. This paper provides an overview of this development focusing on the technical control solutions proposed by reseachers for the various levels of MG organization hierarchy. A critical assessment of selected, popular technologies is provided and open research questions regarding the trend to more decentralized power systems are discussed.

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“…where K I represents the integral coefficient, and C represents the bias factor, which is related to the mismatch degree of voltage and reactive power sharing [19]. The modified reference value of droop voltage under cooperative secondary control is shown as (8), which is equivalent to shifting the voltage droop control curve:…”

Section: Cooperative Secondary Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where I K represents the integral coefficient, and C represents the bias factor, which is related to the mismatch degree of voltage and reactive power sharing [19].…”

Section: Control Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cooperative Control Scheme for AC/DC Hybrid Autonomous Microgrids

Sheng

Hong

et al. 2020

Processes

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The AC/DC hybrid microgrid (MG) has been widely promoted due to its high flexibility.The capability to operate in islanding mode is an appealing advantage of the MG, and also sets higher requirements for its control system. A droop control strategy is proposed on account of its distinguishing feature of automatic power sharing between distributed generations (DGs), but it introduces some drawbacks. Therefore, distributed cooperative secondary control is introduced as an improvement. In order to optimize the active power sharing in AC/DC hybrid microgrids, a number of cooperative control strategies have been proposed. However, most studies of AC/DC hybrid microgrids have mainly focused on the control of the bidirectional converter, ignoring the effects of secondary control within subnets, which may make a difference to the droop characteristic. This paper extends the cooperative control to AC/DC hybrid microgrids based on normalizing and synthesizing the droop equations, and proposes a global cooperative control scheme for AC/DC autonomous hybrid microgrids, realizing voltage restoration within AC and DC subnets as well as accurate global power sharing. Ultimately, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme has a favorable performance in the test AC/DC hybrid system. Processes 2020, 8, 311 2 of 15can realize the global optimization of MG effectively, but the high communication cost and low reliability in complex systems limit its development [5]. The proposal of the distributed control scheme [6,7] can effectively reduce the scale of data transmission, so as to realize the global control of the complex system with low communication cost. Dehkordi et al. [8] proposed a complete hierarchical control strategy for AC microgrids and Chunxia Dou et al.[9] designed a superior distributed cooperative controller for DC microgrids with commendable dynamic performance. Fanghong Guo et al. [10] designed an efficient secondary controller with the superiority of less information transmission and demonstrated its excellent performance in DC microgrids. These above−mentioned studies only focused on one separate microgrid, while the control of hybrid microgrids needs to consider the coordination between AC and DC systems, which will be more complex [11]. Considering that the fluctuation of transmission power may pose a threat to the system stability, constructing an appropriate control scheme for a bidirectional AC/DC converter to determine a befitting power flow is of great significance. Yu Ji et al. and Wenyan Hu et al. [12,13] both proposed a control method for the bidirectional converter, while they expressed the imbalance of power sharing indirectly by the deviation of voltage and frequency rather than establish a direct relationship between the active power of AC and DC subnets, thus may bring about inaccurate power sharing with the participation of secondary control within subnets. Xialin Li et al. [14] analyzed the operation mode of the bidirectional converter in different scenarios roundly and gen...

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Optimal Design for Distributed Secondary Voltage Control in Islanded Microgrids: Communication Topology and Controller

Cited by 55 publications

References 34 publications

Communication Requirements in Microgrids: A Practical Survey

Communication Requirements in Microgrids: A Practical Survey

The Evolution of Research in Microgrids Control

A Cooperative Control Scheme for AC/DC Hybrid Autonomous Microgrids

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