Optimal power management of an experimental fuel cell/supercapacitor-powered hybrid vehicle

Rodatz, Paul; Paganelli, G.; Sciarretta, Antonio; Guzzella, Lino

doi:10.1016/j.conengprac.2003.12.016

Cited by 362 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In most of the work done by various researchers, DGs with battery storage or grid are the common backup systems in RE-based hybrid systems and evaluation of performance index on life cycle cost analysis [21], [22], [23], [24]. While most of these above have either expensive fuel running cost or battery fumes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal control of a fuel cell/wind/PV/grid hybrid system with thermal heat pump load

2016

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This paper presents an optimal energy management strategy for a grid tied photovoltaic-wind-fuel cell hybrid power supply system. The hybrid systems meets the load demand consisting of an electrical load and a heat pump water heater supplying thermal load. The objective is to minimize energy cost and maximize fuel cell output, taking into account the time-of-use electricity tariff. The optimal control problem is solved using a mixed integer linear program with the supply switch to the heat pump water heater and the power from the grid, power to/from inverter, power to electrolyzer and from fuel cell the control variables. The hot water temperature inside the water storage tank and the hydrogen in the storage tank are the state variables. The performance of the proposed control strategy is tested by simulating different operating scenarios: with and without renewable energy feed-in, and the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, as it increases the supply reliability of the system. Keywords

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal control of a fuel cell/wind/PV/grid hybrid system with thermal heat pump load

2016

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“…These hybrid systems can limit the slope of the current or power generated by the FC, with the use of current-controlled dc-dc converters. In this way the reactant gas starvation can be avoided and the system can operate with higher efficiency [53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Reactant Gas Starvationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Main Power Electronics' Advances in Order to Ensure Efficient Operation and Durability of PEMFCs

et al. 2012

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Original scientific paperThis article focuses on the main issues that affect the lifetime and performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. The short lifespans of these fuel cells represent a barrier to their massive commercialization and usage in mobile and stationary applications. As fuel cell is a very complex system, a lot of knowledge of different areas is required, such as chemistry, electricity and mechanics, in order to completely understand its operation and all the problems that can occur during it. It is for this reason that an interdisciplinary approach needs to be taken when designing fuel-cell energy systems. This paper focuses on identifying and solving those issues that negatively affect the lifetime and performance of fuel cells. It is hoped that this article would be a valuable aid for power electronics' researchers and engineers for better understanding the presented issues and a useful guide for solving them with the use of proper power electronic-devices. Initially, the basic operation and structure of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell is explained. Three main issues that can occur during operation of a mobile or stationary fuel cell energy system are pointed out and discussed in details, on the basis of the state-of-the-art on fuel cell technology. These issues are poor water management, reactant gas starvation and fuel cell current ripple. This article provides answers as to why they occur, how they affect the fuel cell, how they can be mitigated, and what are the future trends within this research field.Key words: PEMFC, Water management, Reactant gas starvation, Current ripple, Power electronics.Pregled znanstvenih napredaka u učinskoj elektronici usmjerenih ka osiguravanju efikasnog rada i dužeg životnog vijeka PEM gorivihćelija.Članak se osvrće na ključna pitanja koja utječu na vrijeme rada i performanse gorivihćelija s polimernom membranom kao elektrolitom. Kratak životni vijek gorivihćelija takve vrste prepreka je njihovoj komercijalizaciji i masovnoj upotrebi u mobilnim i stacionarnim stanicama. Budući da su gorivećelije komplicirani sustavi potrebno je znanje iz raznih područja kemije, elektrotehnike i mehanike da bi se u potpunosti mogao razumjeti njihov način rada i problemi koji se dogadaju. Upravo je zbog toga multidisciplinarni pristup nužnost pri razvoju sustava koji koriste gorivećelije. Ovaj ječlanak usmjeren prema identifikaciji i rješavanju onih problema koji negativno utječu na životni vijek i performanse gorivihćelija. Autori se nadaju daće sečlanak pokazati kao korisna pomoć i vodič istraživačima i inženjerima u domeni učinske elektronike pri susretu s navedenim problemima. Objašnjen je način rada i struktura gorivećelije s polimernom membranom kao elektrolitom. Izložena su, i diskutirana do u detalje, tri glavna problema sa stajališta trenutačnih spoznaja u području učinske elektronike. Ti problemi su: loše upravljanje vodom, nestanak reaktantnog plina i strujni trzaji u gorivimćelijama. Objašnjeno je zašto se ovi problemi dogadaju, kako utječu na gorivućelij...

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“…subject to constraints (11) - (14). The top level battery, source power demand trajectories denoted as…”

Section: A3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing literature ( [12,14] and references there-in) for the power management of fuel cell-battery hybrid systems consider both horizon based and instantaneous optimization methods. These include dynamic programming (DP) [12], stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) [13] and equivalent fuel consumption minimization (ECMS) [14]. While the "curse of dimensionality" makes DP impractical for realtime control, the lack of a transition probability function makes SDP and ECMS based methods unsuitable to attain the control objective considered in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reference governor-based hierarchical control for failure mode power management of hybrid power systems for all-electric ships

Seenumani

Peng

Sun

2011

Journal of Power Sources

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This paper deals with the design of failure mode power management (PM) of hybrid power systems (HPS) during a shipboard power source failure, which is an important scenario that the all-electric ships (AES) targeting military applications have to deal with. The control objective is to manage the power flow from working power sources and battery to ensure survivability, namely, ensuring system safety and maximizing the load support. The on-demand nature of the problem due to unpredictable failure times makes real-time control a key requirement. The survivability mandates, along with large scale, nonlinear HPS dynamics and long warmup times of the backup power sources, make most of the existing control strategies ineffective to meet the real-time requirements. With the focus on achieving real-time computational efficiency, a novel hierarchical control approach using reference governor is proposed. A top level controller determines a suboptimal power split between the battery and working source to meet the demand on the HPS and the local controllers govern the power demands for the individual power sources to enforce constraints. A case study of the proposed controller on a scaled HPS test-bed illustrates the real-time computational efficiency and improved HPS survivability.

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Optimal power management of an experimental fuel cell/supercapacitor-powered hybrid vehicle

Cited by 362 publications

References 11 publications

Optimal control of a fuel cell/wind/PV/grid hybrid system with thermal heat pump load

Optimal control of a fuel cell/wind/PV/grid hybrid system with thermal heat pump load

A Review of the Main Power Electronics' Advances in Order to Ensure Efficient Operation and Durability of PEMFCs

A reference governor-based hierarchical control for failure mode power management of hybrid power systems for all-electric ships

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