Optimal scenario design of steam-assisted gravity drainage to enhance oil recovery with temperature and rate control

Baghernezhad, Danial; Siavashi, Majid; Nakhaee, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.10.104

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The application of machine learning strategies has been widely practiced in the oil and gas development. These attempts have covered aspects of enhanced oil recovery [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], fracture detection [15], development plan optimization [15,16], dynamic production prediction [18][19][20][21] and asphaltene precipitation prediction [22]. Some studies have also focused on applying machine learning strategies to model permeability impairment due to mineral scale deposition [23][24][25] and predict the success of an inhibition scenario in the field [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Data Mining Perspective on the Confluent Ions` Effect for Target Functionality

Fazelabdolabadi

Montazeri

Pourafshary

2021

HighTech. Innov. J.

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The production of hydrocarbon resources at an oil field is concomitant with challenges with respect to the formation of scale inside the reservoir rock – intricately impairing its permeability and hindering the flow. Historically, the effect of ions is attributed to the undergone phenomenon; nevertheless, there exists a great deal of ambiguity about its relative significance compared to other factors, or the effectiveness as per the ion type. The present work applies a data mining strategy to unveil the influencing hierarchy of the parameters involved in driving the process within major rock categories – sandstone and carbonate – to regulate a target functionality. The functionalities considered evolve around maximizing the oil recovery, minimizing permeability impairment/ scale damage. A pool of experimental as well as field data was used for this sake, accumulating the bulk of the available literature data. The methods used for data analysis in the present work included the Bayesian Network, Random Forest, Deep Neural Network, as well as Recursive Partitioning. The results indicate a rolling importance for different ion species - altering under each functionality – which is not ranked as the most influential parameter in either case. For the oil recovery target, our results quantify a distinction between the source of ion of a single type, in terms of its influencing rank in the process. This latter deduction is the first proposal of its kind – suggesting a new perspective for research. Moreover, the machine learning methodology was found to be capable of reliably capturing the data – evidenced by the minimal errors in the bootstrapped results. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-03-05 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Data Mining Perspective on the Confluent Ions` Effect for Target Functionality

Fazelabdolabadi

Montazeri

Pourafshary

2021

HighTech. Innov. J.

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“…Nevertheless, these conventional methods have some defect including limited heating radius, steam channeling, and a lot of steam consumption. Recently, as one of the most effective thermal recovery methods, steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technique, which was first proposed by Butler et al, in the 1980s, has been a widely applied technique for heavy oil and oil sand reservoirs, especially in thick formations with extra heavy oil [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Well Placement Optimization for Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage to Enhance Recovery of Thin Layer Oil Sand Reservoirs

et al. 2021

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SAGD (steam-assisted gravity drainage) technique is one of the most efficient thermal recovery technologies for exploiting Mackay River thin layer oil sand reservoirs. However, when making use of the traditional SAGD technique (the production and injection well are located on the same axis with the horizontal well spacing of 0 m), the steam chamber development is usually insufficient because of the high longitudinal sweep rate of steam, which seriously influences the SAGD performance for developing thin layer oil sand reservoirs especially. It is extremely important to find an economical and practicable method to promote the steam chamber development in thin oil sand reservoirs in the process of SAGD production; optimizing well placement is a reliable method. In this paper, an improved well placement method is proposed to enhance production performance of traditional SAGD, which is changing the horizontal well spacing to place the production well below of the side of the injection well (two wells are not located on the same axis). Three groups of 2D visualization experiments with different horizontal distances between two wells (0 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm) were carried out, respectively, to observe the development and change of the steam chamber development, and to explore the EOR mechanisms. On the 2D experiment basis, optimal horizontal distance was selected to perform 3D physical simulation experiment to study and verity the production mechanism systematically. The results of 2D visualization experiment showed that the final oil recoveries of experimental groups with 10 cm and 20 cm horizontal distances were 7.6% and 2.3% higher than those of traditional SGAD (horizontal distance was 0 cm), respectively. Combined with 3D experimental results, the change in the horizontal relative position of two wells makes the steam first spread laterally between injecting and producing wells; thus, the lateral development of the steam chamber was promoted, and changes of temperature field also display that the lateral sweep area of steam was increased obviously and the form of steam chamber is changed. Meanwhile, the generation of appropriate horizontal well spacing can combine the effect of steam displacement and gravity drainage better and improve the sweep efficiency of steam. Nevertheless, the overlarge horizontal well spacing will also hinder the steam chamber development because the strength of steam overlap is weakened. Furthermore, the findings of this study help for better understanding that changing the horizontal well spacing can promote the lateral development of steam chamber, which can be used to enhance the oil recovery of thin layer oil sand reservoirs especially.

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“…The steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technology was firstly proposed by Butler (1981) for enhancing heavy oil recovery. In a few decades, SAGD technology has been successfully applied to recover heavy oil reservoirs and oil sands (Baghernezhad and Siavashi 2019;Dong et al 2019;Gates and Chakrabarty 2006). However, this advantageous technology is being challenged as the complexity of reservoir heterogeneity such as barrier layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breccia interlayer effects on steam-assisted gravity drainage performance: experimental and numerical study

Zhang¹,

Kang²,

Liu

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Currently, the reservoir heterogeneity is a serious challenge for developing oil sands with SAGD method. Nexen’s Long Lake SAGD project reported that breccia interlayer was widely distributed in lower and middle part of reservoir, impeding the steam chamber expansion and heated oil drainage. In this paper, two physical experiments were conducted to study the impact of breccia interlayer on development of steam chamber and production performance. Then, a laboratory scale numerical simulation model was established and a history match was conducted based on the 3D experimental results. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of thickness and permeability of breccia layer was performed. The influence mechanism of breccia layer on SAGD performance was analyzed by comparing the temperature profile of steam chamber and production dynamics. The experimental results indicate that the existence of breccia interlayer causes a thinner steam chamber profile and longer time to reach the peak oil rate. And, the ultimate oil recovery reduced 15.8% due to much oil stuck in breccia interlayer areas. The numerical simulation results show that a lower permeability in breccia layer area has a serious adverse impact on oil recovery if the thickness of breccia layer is larger, whereas the effect of permeability on SAGD performance is limited when the breccia layer is thinner. Besides, a thicker breccia layer can increase the time required to reach the peak oil rate, but has a little impact on the ultimate oil recovery.

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Optimal scenario design of steam-assisted gravity drainage to enhance oil recovery with temperature and rate control

Cited by 36 publications

References 31 publications

A Data Mining Perspective on the Confluent Ions` Effect for Target Functionality

A Data Mining Perspective on the Confluent Ions` Effect for Target Functionality

Experimental Study on Well Placement Optimization for Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage to Enhance Recovery of Thin Layer Oil Sand Reservoirs

Breccia interlayer effects on steam-assisted gravity drainage performance: experimental and numerical study

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