Optimization of Biodiesel-Diesel Blended Fuel Properties and Engine Performance with Ether Additive Using Statistical Analysis and Response Surface Methods

Ali, Obed M.; Mamat, Rizalman; Najafi, G.; Yusaf, Talal; Ardebili, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin

doi:10.3390/en81212420

Cited by 81 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Moreover, in order to improve the cold flow characteristics of biodiesel blends based fuels, the same researchers [22] mention the use of specific additives (e.g., a very low content of olefin-ester copolymer of around 0.03% decreases the dynamic viscosity of soybean biodiesel by 33%) or suggest blending the given biodiesel with other fuels, such as ethanol or kerosene (e.g., such a blend with ratios up to 20% of ethanol or kerosene also decreases the kinematic viscosity by 30% and promotes fuel atomization). The same ideas were found in [23,24], which state that the most acceptable option to make the biodiesel available as a stand-alone fuel alternative to ordinary diesel is with the use of additives. Amongst other additives (ethanol and butanol), Obed et al [23,24] used DEE with success in order to make biodiesel more suited for subzero temperatures.…”

Section: Cold Startingmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The same ideas were found in [23,24], which state that the most acceptable option to make the biodiesel available as a stand-alone fuel alternative to ordinary diesel is with the use of additives. Amongst other additives (ethanol and butanol), Obed et al [23,24] used DEE with success in order to make biodiesel more suited for subzero temperatures. On the other hand, Kim et al [25] evaluated not only the cold startability, but also the drivability after the engine started.…”

Section: Cold Startingmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The use of biodiesel fuel in compression ignition engines has the potential to reduce CO 2 , which can lead to a reduction in global warming and environmental hazards. Biodiesel is an attractive fuel, as it is made from renewable resources. Many studies have been conducted to assess the impact of biodiesel use on engine performances. Most of them were carried out in positive temperature conditions. A major drawback associated with the use of biodiesel, however, is its poor cold flow properties, which have a direct influence on the cold starting performance of the engine. Since diesel engine behavior at negative temperatures is an important quality criterion of the engine's operation, one goal of this paper is to assess the starting performance at´20˝C of a common automotive compression ignition engine, fueled with different blends of fossil diesel fuel and biodiesel. Results showed that increasing the biodiesel blend ratio generated a great deterioration in engine startability. Another goal of this study was to determine the biodiesel blend ratio limit at which the engine would not start at´20˝C and, subsequently, to investigate the impact of Di-Ethyl-Ether (DEE) injection into the intake duct on the engine's startability, which was found to be recovered.

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Section: Cold Startingmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Cold Startingmentioning

confidence: 68%

Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine

et al. 2016

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“…FFAs and FAME concentration prediction and reaction conditions optimization were achieved through linear and full quadratic regression models. Ali et al [20] investigated on fuel properties and engine performance of blended palm biodiesel-diesel using diethyl ether as an additive. The independent variables considered were the engine revolution per minute and the diethyl ether blend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification Optimization of Crude African Palm Olein Using Response Surface Methodology and Heterogeneous Acid Catalysis

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In this work, the effect of zeolite montmorillonite KSF in the esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs) of crude African palm olein (Eleaias guinnesis Jacq) was studied. To optimize the esterification of FFAs of the crude African palm olein (CAPO), the response surface methodology (RSM) that was based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used. The effects of three parameters were investigated: (a) catalyst loading (2.6-9.4 wt %), (b) reaction temperature (133.2-166.2 • C), and (c) reaction time (0.32-3.68 h). The Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that linear terms of catalyst loading (X 1 ), reaction temperature (X 2 ), the quadratic term of catalyst loading (X 2 1 ), temperature reaction (X 2 2 ), reaction time (X 2 3 ), the interaction catalyst loading with reaction time (X * 1 X 3 ), and the interaction reaction temperature with reaction time (X * 2 X 3 ) have a significant effect (p < 0.05 with a 95% confidence level) on Fatty Methyl Ester (FAME) yield. The result indicated that the optimum reaction conditions to esterification of FFAs were: catalyst loading 9.4 wt %, reaction temperature 155.5 • C, and 3.3 h for reaction time, respectively. Under these conditions, the numerical estimation of FAME yield was 91.81 wt %. This result was experimentally validated obtaining a difference of 1.7% FAME yield, with respect to simulated values.

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“…From the last decades, researchers have been trying to find out the biodiesel sources and already there are more than 350 oil-bearing crops that have been introduced to produce biodiesel [9,10]. The conventional biodiesel sources are palm, jatropha, coconut, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed, jojoba, neem, karanja, calophyllum, moringa, cotton, castor oil, and microalgae [11][12][13][14][15]. The feedstocks of biodiesel should be chosen from the sources that are locally available, easily accessible, and economically feasible and technically viable [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Macadamia Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines

et al. 2016

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This paper investigated the prospects of biodiesel production from macadamia oil as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. The biodiesel was produced using conventional transesterification process using the base catalyst (KOH). A multi-cylinder diesel engine was used to evaluate the performance and emission of 5% (B5) and 20% (B20) macadamia biodiesel fuel at different engine speeds and full load condition. It was found that the characteristics of biodiesel are within the limit of specified standards American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751) and comparable to diesel fuel. This study also found that the blending of macadamia biodiesel-diesel fuel significantly improves the fuel properties including viscosity, density (D), heating value and oxidation stability (OS). Engine performance results indicated that macadamia biodiesel fuel sample reduces brake power (BP) and increases brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) while emission results indicated that it reduces the average carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions except nitrogen oxides (NO x ) than diesel fuel. Finally, it can be concluded that macadamia oil can be a possible source for biodiesel production and up to 20% macadamia biodiesel can be used as a fuel in diesel engines without modifications.

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Optimization of Biodiesel-Diesel Blended Fuel Properties and Engine Performance with Ether Additive Using Statistical Analysis and Response Surface Methods

Cited by 81 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine

Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine

Esterification Optimization of Crude African Palm Olein Using Response Surface Methodology and Heterogeneous Acid Catalysis

Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Macadamia Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines

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