Optimization of Culture Conditions for Enhanced Growth, Lipid and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Production of Aurantiochytrium SW1 by Response Surface Methodology

Nazir, Yusuf; Shuib, Salwati; Kalil, Mohd Sahaid; Song, Yuanda; Hamid, Aidil Abdul

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27309-0

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…2). A similar growth profile had been observed with other species, such as Aurantiochytrium SW1 [39] and Aurantiochytrium sp. SD116 [40].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…KRS101Baffled flaskOrange peel extract glucose (5.9 g/L), fructose (5.6 g/L), organic acidsNaNO 3 (1.2 g/L)4.402.12 (FAME)14.31[62]5 g/L glucose + orange peel extract glucose (5.9 g/L), fructose (5.6 g/L), organic acidsNaNO 3 (1.5 g/L)5.502.8514.18 Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101FlaskModified basal medium glucose (60 g/L)Corn steep solid9.003.4219.88[34] Schizochytrium limacinum SR 21FlaskGlucose (90 g/L)Yeast extract (2 g/L)18.224.214.72[63]Glycerol (100 g/L)Yeast extract (2 g/L)20.1015.0318.38 Aurantiochytrium 4 W-1bFlaskGlucose (30 g/L)1% tryptone and 0.5% yeast extract9.01 ± 0.624.16 ± 0.4827.9[35] Aurantiochytrium SW1FlaskFructose (70 g/L)10 g/L monosodium glutamate19.09.1325[39] Aurantiochytrium sp. T66 (ATCC PRA-276)FlaskOrganosolv-pretreated birch hydrolysate (30 g/L glucose)Yeast extract (C:N, 10)10.39 ± 0.734.98 ± 0.3825.98 ± 1.20This studyBioreactor11.24 ± 0.795.90 ± 0.4335.76 ± 0.98…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous production of DHA and squalene from Aurantiochytrium sp. grown on forest biomass hydrolysates

Patel

Rova

Christakopoulos

et al. 2019

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundRecent evidence points to the nutritional importance of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the human diet. Thraustochytrids are heterotrophic marine oleaginous microorganisms capable of synthesizing high amounts of DHA, as well as other nutraceutical compounds such as squalene, in their cellular compartment. Squalene is a natural triterpene and an important biosynthetic precursor to all human steroids. It has a wide range of applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, with benefits that include boosting immunity and antioxidant activity. Apart from its nutritional quality, it can also be utilized for high-grade bio-jet fuel by catalytic conversion.ResultsIn the present study, the potential of thraustochytrid strain Aurantiochytrium sp. T66 to produce DHA and squalene was evaluated. When the strain was cultivated on organosolv-pretreated birch hydrolysate (30 g/L glucose) in flask, it resulted in 10.39 g/L of cell dry weight and 4.98 g/L of total lipids, of which 25.98% was DHA. In contrast, when the strain was grown in a bioreactor, cell dry weight, total lipid, and DHA increased to 11.24 g/L, 5.90 g/L, and 35.76%, respectively. The maximum squalene yield was 69.31 mg/gCDW (0.72 g/L) when the strain was cultivated in flask, but it increased to 88.47 mg/gCDW (1.0 g/L), when cultivation shifted to a bioreactor.ConclusionsThis is the first report demonstrating the utilization of low cost non-edible lignocellulosic feedstock to cultivate the marine oleaginous microorganism Aurantiochytrium sp. for the production of nutraceutical vital compounds. Owing to the simultaneous generation of DHA and squalene, the strain is suitable for industrial-scale production of nutraceuticals.

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“…2). A similar growth profile had been observed with other species, such as Aurantiochytrium SW1 [39] and Aurantiochytrium sp. SD116 [40].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous production of DHA and squalene from Aurantiochytrium sp. grown on forest biomass hydrolysates

Patel

Rova

Christakopoulos

et al. 2019

Biotechnol Biofuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is the main reason why high-density heterotrophic cultivation is often performed in continuous or semi-continuous fed-batch mode rather than with all the carbon source added to the medium at the start of cultivation. Consistent with previous research 34 , it appeared that excessive glucose at the commencement of culture caused osmotic shock to Aurantiochytrium cells, as cell disruption was observed when the cells were exposed to 50% SRWW. When the SRWW concentration was increased further (up to 60%), it was rare to find any normal cells in the culture liquid (see Supplementary Material).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Biological Carbon Recovery from Sugar Refinery Washing Water into Microalgal DHA: Medium Optimization and Stress Induction

Moon

Park

Suh

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Sugar refinery washing water (SRWW) contains abundant levels of carbon sources and lower levels of contaminants than other types of wastewater, which makes it ideal for heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae. Here, carbon sources in SRWW were utilized for conversion into the form of value-added docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) using Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101. Since SRWW is not a defined medium, serial optimizations were performed to maximize the biomass, lipid, and DHA yields by adjusting the nutrient (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) concentrations as well as the application of salt stress. Optimum growth performance was achieved with 30% dilution of SRWW containing a total organic carbon of 95,488 mg L−1. Increasing the nutrient level in the medium by supplementation of 9 g L−1 KH2PO4 and 20 g L−1 yeast extract further improved the biomass yield by an additional 14%, albeit at the expense of a decrease in the lipid content. Maximum biomass, lipid, and DHA yields (22.9, 6.33, and 2.03 g L−1, respectively) were achieved when 35 g L−1 sea salt was applied on a stationary phase for osmotic stress. These results demonstrate the potential of carbon-rich sugar refinery washing water for DHA production using Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 and proper cultivation strategy.

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“…Response surface methodology (RSM) is a useful statistical method of analysis to find the optimum conditions among multiple factors using minimal measurement data [31,32]. It has been used often in other fields, such as in evaluating optimum conditions for fungi culture [33,34]; chemical synthesis [35]; food cultivation and processing [36,37]; and upregulation of oil and other useful components in micro-organism cultures [38,39]. RSM consists of three steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Difference in the Optimum Environmental Conditions for Growth and Maturation of the Brown Alga Undaria pinnatifida in the Gametophyte Stage

Sato

Endo

Oikawa

et al. 2020

Genes

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Undaria pinnatifida is an annual brown kelp growing naturally in coastal areas as a major primary producer in temperate regions and is cultivated on an industrial scale. Kelps have a heteromorphic life cycle characterized by a macroscopic sporophyte and microscopic sexual gametophytes. The sex-dependent effects of different environmental factors on the growth and maturation characteristics of the gametophyte stage were investigated using response surface methodology. Gametophytes were taken from three sites in Japan: Iwate Prefecture, Tokushima Prefecture, and Kagoshima Prefecture in order to confirm the sexual differences in three independent lines. Optimum temperature and light intensity were higher for males (20.7–20.9 °C and 28.6–33.7 µmol m−2 s−1, respectively) than females (16.5–19.8 °C and 26.9–32.5 µmol m−2 s−1), and maturity progressed more quickly in males than females. Optimum wavelengths of light for growth and maturation of the gametophytes were observed for both blue (400–500 nm, λmax 453 nm) and green (500–600 nm; λmax 525 nm) lights and were sex-independent. These characteristics were consistent among the three regional lines. Slower growth optima and progress of maturation could be important for female gametophytes to restrict fertilization and sporophyte germination to the lower water temperatures of autumn and winter, and suggest that the female gametophyte may be more sensitive to temperature than the male. The sexual differences in sensitivity to environmental factors improved the synchronicity of sporeling production.

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Optimization of Culture Conditions for Enhanced Growth, Lipid and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Production of Aurantiochytrium SW1 by Response Surface Methodology

Cited by 65 publications

References 45 publications

Simultaneous production of DHA and squalene from Aurantiochytrium sp. grown on forest biomass hydrolysates

Simultaneous production of DHA and squalene from Aurantiochytrium sp. grown on forest biomass hydrolysates

Biological Carbon Recovery from Sugar Refinery Washing Water into Microalgal DHA: Medium Optimization and Stress Induction

Sexual Difference in the Optimum Environmental Conditions for Growth and Maturation of the Brown Alga Undaria pinnatifida in the Gametophyte Stage

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