Optimization of electrode position and electric pulse amplitude in electrochemotherapy

Cell size dynamics and viability of cells exposed to hypotonic treatment and electroporation for electrofusion optimization

“…The fusogenic state of cell membrane is achieved by electroporation. [4][5][6] Electroporation is a method, widely used in medicine [7][8][9][10][11][12] , where a dramatic increase in membrane permeability is caused by cell exposure to short and intense electric pulses. [13][14][15] With the appropriate selection of electrical parameters and media, taking into account biological characteristics of the treated cells, the reversible electroporation can be obtained.…”

Numerical modeling in electroporation-based biomedical applications

“…As a complementary work to in vivo experimenting, we can use analytical and numerical models to represent, as realistically as possible, real biological phenomena of, in our case, electroporation. [14][15][16][17][18] In this way we can better understand some of the processes involved and analyze and explain some experimental results. We can evaluate different electrical parameters in advance, such as pulse amplitude, duration, number of pulses.…”

Elektrokemoterapija – Učinkovita Metoda Zdravljenja Tumorjev S Kombinacijo Kemoterapevtika in Električnega Polja

“…41 Tako omogočimo, da je celoten tumor izpostavljen zadostni jakosti električ-nega polja, ki je potrebna za učinkovito zdravljenje, in hkrati zmanjšamo poškodbo zdravih tkiv v okolici tumorja. 42 Amplituda pulzov je odvisna od lastnosti tkiva in od oblike ter položaja elektrod. Glede na rezultate in vivo raziskav mora biti amplituda pulzov takšna, da na celotnem področju tumorja doseže-mo električno polje velikosti vsaj 400 V/ cm (pri zaporedju 8 pulzov s trajanjem 100 mikrosekund).41 Pulze dovajamo s ponavljalno frekvenco 5000 Hz: tako je nelagodje bolnikov (zaradi električne stimulacije bližnjih mišic) manjše in je postopek zdravljenja krajši.43,44 Pri zdravljenju tumorjev, ki ležijo sorazmerno blizu srca, je dovajanje pulzov sinhronizirano s kompleksom QRS posameznega srčnega utripa v elektrokardiogramu (EKG).…”