The first primitive watermelon domestication has been reported more than 5,000
years ago in Northeast Africa. Watermelon is recognized all over the world as a
delicious fruit that quenches the thirst that many people consume in the summer
heat. There are about 1,200 varieties of watermelon. Watermelons are loaded with
plentiful nutrients, such as vitamin C, pantothenic acid, copper, biotin,
vitamin A, and vitamins B6 & B1. Watermelon is
processed to manufacture various value-added foods, such as cookies, cakes,
juice, jam, cadies, and biscuits. In this review, we discuss pre- and
postharvest factors affecting watermelon nutritional concentration and
antioxidant profile. Prominent factors comprise genetic and environmental
constraints, processing and postharvest storage conditions, chemical treatments,
temperature and humidity, packaging, and food processing conditions. This review
summarizes the available literature on watermelon processing into different
valuable products, pre- and postharvest factors affecting nutritional
concentration, and antioxidant activity.