Optimizing graphene production in ultrasonic devices

Silva, L.; Mirabella, D. A.; Tomba, J. Pablo; Riccardi, C. C.

doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2019.105989

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For this, both the peptide (1 mg) and natural flake graphite (50 mg) were commixed in 10 mL of water, where the samples were subsequently bath sonicated for different time intervals up to 24 h. It is important to note that great care was taken to sonicate the sample at the exact same point in the bath sonicator as the position within the bath has been shown to be highly critical to the exfoliation process. 21 Once the selected sonication time was complete, unexfoliated bulk graphite was removed via centrifugation, where the dark suspension of graphene in the supernatant was analyzed with UV−vis spectroscopy. Note that prior studies 19 confirmed that when the process was completed under these conditions in the absence of peptides, no graphene exfoliation was observed.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is critical that the process be optimized to ensure maximum graphene exfoliation as a function of the reaction conditions to achieve individual to few-layered graphene materials with minimal defects. Unfortunately, this ultrasonic bath-based approach to exfoliation is highly sensitive to the position of the reaction within the sonic bath, as highlighted recently, which can lead to significant issues associated with reproducibility in exfoliation processes . For instance, even slight variations in reaction position within the bath can lead to substantial differences in exfoliation efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, this ultrasonic bath-based approach to exfoliation is highly sensitive to the position of the reaction within the sonic bath, as highlighted recently, which can lead to significant issues associated with reproducibility in exfoliation processes. 21 For instance, even slight variations in reaction position within the bath can lead to substantial differences in exfoliation efficiency. Furthermore, slight differences in the reaction system, including the ligand employed and its concentrations, reaction temperature, exfoliation time, and so forth, can all have significant impacts on the exfoliation process, and thus, identification of how these parameters work in concert to control exfoliation is critical to enhance this process to achieve optimal nanosheet materials.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Parameters Controlling Peptide-Driven Graphene Exfoliation in Aqueous Media

et al. 2021

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Bio-inspired approaches represent potentially transformational methods to fabricate and activate non-natural materials for applications ranging from biomedical diagnostics to energy harvesting platforms. Recently, bio-based methods for the exfoliation of graphene in water have been developed, resulting in peptide-capped nanosheets; however, a clear understanding of the reaction system and peptide ligand structure remains unclear, limiting the advance of such approaches. Here the effects of reaction solution conditions and peptide ligand structure were systematically examined for graphene exfoliation, identifying key parameters to optimize material production. For this, the P1 peptide, identified with affinity for graphene, was exploited to drive exfoliation of bulk graphite to generate the final materials. The peptide was modified at both the N- and C-terminus with a 10-carbon chain fatty acid to explore the effects of a hydrophobic domain on the exfoliation process. The system was examined as a function of sonication time, pH, reagent concentration, and graphite source, where the final materials were fully characterized using a suite of approaches. Collectively, these results demonstrated that maximum graphene production was achieved using the parent P1 peptide after 12 h of sonication under basic conditions. While the exfoliation efficiency was slightly lower for the fatty acid modified peptides, the graphene produced using these biomolecules had fewer defects incorporated, potentially from the wrapping of the nanosheet edge by the aliphatic domain. Such results are important to provide key reaction designs to optimize the reproducibility of graphene exfoliation using biomimetic approaches.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Parameters Controlling Peptide-Driven Graphene Exfoliation in Aqueous Media

et al. 2021

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“…In the ultrasound process, the π orbitals are not altered, as occurs in the methods based on chemical modification, due to this, the obtained graphene is expected to have a better quality. [46] This route is environmentally friendly due to the substance used as solvent is distilled water. Besides, the obtaining GNPs are expected to be of high structural quality and free of contamination by chemical agents.…”

Section: Chemistryselectmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green and Easy Large Scale Method for Obtaining Graphene Nanoplatelets by Steam Explosion and Ultrasonic Exfoliation

et al. 2022

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A novel physical process to obtain graphene nanoplatelets consisting of two principal steps, steam explosion and ultrasonic exfoliation, is proposed. This approach requires only water; nevertheless, the pressure and temperature conditions in the steam explosion equipment contribute to the delamination of the graphite complemented with an ultrasonic step. Moreover, two kinds of source material were tested: highly pyrolytic oriented graphite and a lower oriented graphite. Infrared and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopies analysis confirmed additional functional groups were not generated in any of the treated materials. X‐ray diffraction showed that graphene nanoplatelets obtained in this work are conformed by 20–30 nm of thickness, also corroborated with atomic force microscopy. According to Raman results, graphene nanoplatelets possess a high structural quality which is similar to the initial graphite. Hence, this process represents a viable option to obtain graphene nanoplatelets through an easy, green and large‐scalable route.

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“…From the ratio between ID and IG bands, the number of layers of graphene can be accurately determined [37]. The G-band of the as-prepared GO shifted towards a higher wavenumber, indicating the oxidation of graphite-like material, which results in the formation of sp3 carbon atoms [38].…”

Section: Fourier-transform Infrared (Ft-ir) and Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene: Structure, Synthesis, and Characterization; a brief review

et al. 2019

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I N 2004, Andrei Geim and Kostya Novoselov used a simple technique to separate graphene layer from graphite. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010. After this, the publications of graphene have been increasing year after year and have emerged as the most popular topic in the research field which indicates the importance of graphene research. Due to unique properties of graphene, it can be considered as promising material for various applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, material science and engineering, and biology. Consequently, this review will focus on using of biomass and other wastes as precursor material for graphene preparation. We hope it could be of helpful to people who are interested in this field. The future outlook of graphene is also considered.

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Optimizing graphene production in ultrasonic devices

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Identification of Parameters Controlling Peptide-Driven Graphene Exfoliation in Aqueous Media

Identification of Parameters Controlling Peptide-Driven Graphene Exfoliation in Aqueous Media

A Green and Easy Large Scale Method for Obtaining Graphene Nanoplatelets by Steam Explosion and Ultrasonic Exfoliation

Graphene: Structure, Synthesis, and Characterization; a brief review

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