Optimum operation conditions of direct capillary nanofiltration for wastewater treatment

Sayed, S.; Tarek, S.J.; Dijkstra, I.; Moerman, C.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2006.07.014

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1a, 1b and 1c). These values are similar to those found in literature [29,30] (5.6  10 6 and 2.8 ± 1.8  10 7 bacteria/mL). The lowest total bacterial number was obtained at the CHU sampling site (Fig.…”

Section: ) Enumeration Of Total Bacteriasupporting

confidence: 81%

Bacterial Biofilms and Suspended Matter in the Sewer System: Examination at Various Scales

2017

IJSR

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Abstract:The nature and architecture of suspended matter (SM) and bacterial biofilms collected in Greater Nancy sewer system were investigated alongtwo years. Samples were taken from three sewer sections from upstream to downstream. Samples characterizations were conducted at millimetric scale using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) and nanometric scale using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Several physicochemical and bacterial parameters were studied such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total bacteria, total suspended solid (TSS), volatile matter (VM) and particle size distribution of SM. The concentration of DOC decreases along the sewer from upstream to downstream. No clear evolution was found in total bacterial number along sewer. TSS was mainly composed of VM, and was found to decrease along the sewer. The temporal evolution of wastewater quality at a given sampling site shows no obvious change in total bacterial number. DOC and TSS concentrations were highest at midday, and decreases to reach their lowest value at 6h00. The volume size distribution of SM evolves from a multimodal distribution at upstream to a monomodal one at downstream of the sewer system. This decrease of particle size along sewer is likely related to the settling of SM and not to the degradation of suspended organic matter. Microscopic investigations indicated that SM and biofilm have similar composition (bacterial cells, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), cellulose fibers, cell lyses detritus, organo-mineral detritus and mineral particles). Nevertheless, they have different 3D architectures. In SM, cellulose fibers form a skeleton for bacterial aggregates and biomass formation, within which bacteria may biodegrade fibers. The structural quantification revealed an open and patchy SM with 0.8 as porosity and 45% as coverage surface. Whereas, biofilms were more compact and denser than SM (porosity 0.55, coverage surface 92%). Water channels were identified through the biofilm depth with a decrease of areal porosity from the top to the bottom. Cellulose fibers were embedded in EPS matrix andbacterial division participates to biofilm growth. Viruses including bacteriophages were encountered within biofilms which may be considered as a potential reservoir of pathogenic viruses, especially during combined sewer overflows. Exchanges between SM and biofilms have been proven. On one handby the transfer of cellulose fibers from sewage to biofilms. On the other hand by the detachment of some parts from mature biofilms and their transport in sewage.

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Section: ) Enumeration Of Total Bacteriasupporting

confidence: 81%

Bacterial Biofilms and Suspended Matter in the Sewer System: Examination at Various Scales

2017

IJSR

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“…Since the concentration of chemicals is directly linked to the duration of the chemical cleaning process, treating the membranes with low chemical concentrations will increase the duration of the chemical cleaning. Sayed et al [24] found that due to the severe clogging of the membranes using sewage as feed water, chemical cleaning with a duration of 8 h was required after a filtration time of 8 h including hydraulic backwashing. This means that the filtration and relative production downtime are similar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ravazzini et al [20] and Sayed et al [24] suggested to disregard the conventional sewage pre-treatment by treating sewage directly with polymeric UF and nanofiltration (NF). However, they found that this process is not economically feasible, due to the duration of the membrane cleaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct water reclamation from sewage using ceramic tight ultra- and nanofiltration

Kramer

Shang

Heijman

et al. 2015

Separation and Purification Technology

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“…MF, UF and loose end NF membranes are classified as porous membranes, which separate particles based on sieving, straining, or size exclusion (Mulder, 1996). Tight end NF and RO membranes are typical non-porous membranes, and they separate molecules based on the differences in solubility or diffusivity between the solvent and the solute in the membranes (Crittenden et al, 2005;Shirazi et al, 2010). Thus, these membrane processes differ in their pore sizes, operating pressures, permeate flux and applications (Table 6.7), and each membrane process is best suited for particular treatment function.…”

Section: Types Of Membranes Applied In Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Processes for Wastewater Treatment

Guo¹,

Ngo²

2012

Membrane Technology and Environmental Applications

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Optimum operation conditions of direct capillary nanofiltration for wastewater treatment

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Bacterial Biofilms and Suspended Matter in the Sewer System: Examination at Various Scales

Bacterial Biofilms and Suspended Matter in the Sewer System: Examination at Various Scales

Direct water reclamation from sewage using ceramic tight ultra- and nanofiltration

Membrane Processes for Wastewater Treatment

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