Oral administration of botryosphaeran [(1 → 3)(1 → 6)‐β‐d‐glucan] reduces inflammation through modulation of leukocytes and has limited effect on inflammatory nociception

Abstract

Several biological activities of the fungal exopolysaccharide (1 → 3)(1 → 6) -β-D-glucan (botryosphaeran) have been described in the literature, but its effects on inflammation have not been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the action of botryosphaeran on experimental mice models of carrageenan-induced acute pleurisy and acute paw edema, and complete Freund's adjuvant-induced persistent paw edema. All botryosphaeran doses tested (1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg birth weight [b.w.], orally administered) reduced leukocyte recruitment, nitric oxide (NO) levels, and protein extravasation in the pleural cavity. Botryosphaeran (5 mg/kg b.w.) did not diminish edema and mechanical hyperalgesia in the paw within 4 h; however, cold allodynia was alleviated within the first 2 h. In the persistent paw inflammation model, the effects of daily oral administration of botryosphaeran (5 mg/kg b.w.) were evaluated over 3 and 7 days. The fungal β-glucan significantly reduced the levels of the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6), and IL-10, in the paw homogenates in both protocols, while paw edema and the levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) only diminished on Day 7. No effect in mechanical hyperalgesia was observed. Oral treatment for 3 or 7 days also decreased the plasma levels of NO, AOPP, TNF-α, and IL-10. On Day 7, the number of leukocytes in the blood was also reduced by this treatment. Importantly, botryosphaeran did not induce inflammation in mice when administered alone over 7 days. This study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential of botryosphaeran in these experimental models, making this fungal β-glucan a new possibility for complementary treating acute and chronic inflammation.

Orally administered yeast‐derived β‐glucan alleviates mast cell‐dependent airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in a murine model of asthma

“…In this study, we employed an established MC‐dependent mouse model of allergic asthma, where MCs mainly contribute to AHR and airway inflammation. While OAW has been shown to potentiate immune responses in leukocyte infiltration into inflammation sites, 21 , 28 , 29 its effects on MC infiltration haven't been examined. To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing OAW's effect on asthma features in an MC‐dependent asthmatic mouse model.…”

Encapsulation of Polyphenolic Compounds Based on Hemicelluloses to Enhance Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Colorectal Cancer

“…In addition, 1,6-β-glucan and 1,3-β-glucan may downregulate autoimmune inflammation occurring in IBD [ 139 ]. Interestingly, (1→3)(1→6)-β-d-glucan has been found to have anti-nociceptive potential, suggesting that it could reduce abdominal pain occurring in IBD or CRC [ 140 ].…”

Exopolysaccharides of Fungal Origin: Properties and Pharmaceutical Applications

“…Moreover, the effects of botryosphaeran on inflammation have been described. According to Silva et al [88], this orally administered biopolymer has the property of reducing inflammation by activating leukocytes, but also by modulating migration, in addition to minimizing cold nociception, concluding that this fungal β-glucan may be a new possibility for complementary treatment of acute and chronic inflammation.…”