Oral hairy leukoplakia in 71 HIV-seropositive patients: Clinical symptoms, relation to immunologic status, and prognostic significance

Husak, R.; Garbe, Claus; Orfanos, Constantin E.

doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(96)90117-6

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…[30][31][32][33] Further studies in the HIV-positive individual showed that not only was the lesion associated with decreased blood CD4 ϩ T cells, but development of the lesion was also associated with shortened survival time. [34][35][36][37] The etiologic agent is Epstein Barr virus (EBV), a virus that is also detectable in the oral mucosa of HIV-negative individuals. 31,38 HIV-positive patients demonstrate higher rates of detectable EBV-DNA in oral epithelial cells than HIV-negative individuals, (42.1% compared to 16.6%, respectively), however, HIV-negative immune suppressed renal transplant patients demonstrate higher rates of detectable EBV-DNA than HIV-positive patients (65% compared to 42.1%, respectively).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Oral Lesions In the Hiv-positive Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Positive Individuals: Review and Role of Mucosal Immunity

Leigh

Shetty

Fidel

2004

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Oral opportunistic infections in the HIV-positive individual have been documented since the first reports of the epidemic, with many lesions associated with reduced CD4(+) T lymphocyte cell count. The most common oral lesions seen in HIV disease prior to the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were oropharyngeal candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia. However, since the advent of HAART while many oral lesions have decreased significantly the incidence of oral warts has surprisingly increased. Despite the correlation of diminished CD4(+) T lymphocyte count to the occurrence of these lesions, it is rare for the lesions to occur concurrently suggesting that each pathologic lesion type is associated with distinct host immune dysfunctions. To date, the oral opportunistic infection most frequently investigated is oropharyngeal candidiasis, where data suggests that both systemic and local immunity is important for protection against infection. In contrast, recent investigations into the host responses associated with oral hairy leukoplakia and oral warts show little to no evidence of systemic or mucosal immune responsiveness despite the presumed competence of several types of leukocytes other than CD4(+) T cells. Together these data are suggesting that susceptibility to oropharyngeal candidasis in HIV-positive persons is predominantly immune-based, whereas protection or susceptibility to oral hairy leukoplakia and oral warts may be more associated with factors other than mucosal immune function.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Oral Lesions In the Hiv-positive Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Positive Individuals: Review and Role of Mucosal Immunity

Leigh

Shetty

Fidel

2004

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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“…Clinically, OHL is a white, corrugated lesion on the lateral borders of the tongue that is rarely seen at other sites of the oral mucosa [7]. In 2 of the 3 cases presented here, there was a clinical observation of white lesions on the tongue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…OHL is a recognized lesion of AIDS onset and is considered an important marker of an HIV infection as well as the development and prognosis of AIDS [3,7]. Clinically, OHL is a white, corrugated lesion on the lateral borders of the tongue that is rarely seen at other sites of the oral mucosa [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Advantages of Oral Cytopathology in the Early Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS: Three Case Reports

Dias¹,

Picciani²,

Santos³

et al. 2012

Acta Cytologica

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Oral lesions are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, which may indicate impairment of the patient’s general health status, and, in many cases, the oral lesions are the first sign of an HIV infection. Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is a benign lesion of the oral mucosa related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) observed in HIV-positive individuals. The aim of this study was to report the contribution of oral cytopathology in the investigation of the HIV/AIDS status of patients as well as in the clinical and subclinical identification of OHL. Three patients were referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic in 2010. The patients were submitted to oral examination, and scrapes of the tongue were obtained. The Papanicolaou staining technique was used, and cytopathological analysis showed nuclear changes corresponding to cytopathic effects of EBV epithelial infection and candidiasis. The final diagnosis was OHL and candidiasis. Based on cytopathological diagnosis, an HIV serologic test was requested which revealed positive HIV serology. None of the patients was aware of their HIV serological status, and thus the cytopathology, by identifying OHL, contributed to the early diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. Cytopathology should be used as a routine procedure and it may be the method of choice for clinical and subclinical OHL diagnosis.

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“…bastante por encima, ya que los investigadores informan cifras cercanas al 40%, explicables por la facilidad de acceso a los servicios de salud en dichos países. En cuanto al tipo de enfermedad más prevalente, la candidosis oral, se confirma lo encontrado por De igual manera, las gingivitis-periodontitis asociadas con el VIH y la leucoplasia vellosa se comportan de manera parecida, lo cual seiiala su importancia como trazadoras de infección VIH y como predictoras de desarrollo de sida (15,16,28,(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Sería interesante que en los estudios futuros se contara con la confirmación histológica de las lesiones leucoplásicas, tal como lo recomiendan ciertos autores (10, [36][37][38][39][40], ya que algunas de ellas pudieran corresponder a candidosis hiperplásica, liquen plano o lesiones penfigoides, semejanzas que sesgarian los resultados (52,53).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Lesiones orales asociadas con la infección por VIH/sida en individuos sin tratamiento antirretroviral en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá

Estrada

2001

biomedica

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El reconocimiento de las lesiones orales asociadas con el VIH es de gran importancia. ya que pueden representar el primer signo de la infección y servir como predictoras de inmunosupresión y del desarrollo de sida en pacientes infectados. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 314 pacientes con VIH que eran atendidos en el programa integral del Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá. Se les practicó examen fisico completo y examen oral; se registró el tipo de lesión, el lugar de presentación, el género y la edad. De los sujetos examinados, 285 (90,8%) eran del sexo masculino y 29 (9,2%) del femenino. El promedio de edad fue de 31 años (rango: 15 a 64). No se encontraron lesiones orales asociadas en 91 (29%). mientras que en los restantes 223 (71%) se anotaron una o mas lesiones; la más frecuente fue la candidosis oral en 207 personas (65,8%). Al subdividirla en sus cuatro variedades. se encontró la forma seudomembranosa en 94 pacientes (29,9%); la eritematosa en 66 (21%); la queilitis angular en 38 (12.1%) y la hiperplásica en 9 (2.8%) Le siguió en frecuencia la leucoplasia vellosa en 67 sujetos (21.3%), la gingivitis y la periodontitis en 54 (17.1%). el sarcoma de Kaposi en 28 (8.9%) y la estomatitis aftosa recurrente en 26 (8,2%). Los lugares mas afectados fueron el paladar duro y blando en 108 sujetos (34,4%), la lengua en 101 (32.2%). la mucosa yugal en 48 (15.3%), la encia marginal en 36 (11.5%). la comisura labial en 34 (10,8%) y la orofaringe en 25 (8%). Estos hallazgos permiten definir el perfil especifico de morbilidad oral de los pacientes del Hospital San Juan de Dios en Bogotá para el período estudiado.Palabras clave: infección por VIH, candidosis oral, leucoplasia vellosa, sarcoma de Kaposi, estomatitis aftosa. Oral lesions associated t o HIV infection and AlDS in individuals without antiretroviral treatment in Bogotá, D.C.Oral maniíestations of HIV disease are significant because they potentially represent the first clinical signs oí HIV and are highly predictive markers of severe immunosuppression and disease progression. To more carefully define this association, oral symptoms were characterized for 314 patients attending a special care program at San Juan de Dios Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Physical and oral exams were conducted for each, along with a description of the type and location oí lesion. Of the 314 patients, 285 (90.8%) were males and 29 (9.2%) women. The average age was 31 years (range 15-64). Although 91 (29%) had no lesions, 223 (71%) showed one or more. The most írequent presentation was oral candidosis, which appeared in 207 people (658%)patients, which was íurther characterized as follows: pseudomembranous (29.9%), erythematous (21%), angular queilitis (12.1%) and hiperplasia 9 (2.8%). The remaining categories were hairy leucoplaquia (21.3%), gingivitis and periodontitis (17.1%). Kaposi sarcoma (8.9%) and recurrent aphtous ulcers (8.2%). Lesions were located in the hard palate andlor brandish in 108 patients (34.4%), the tonguein 101 patients (32.2%). the mucous yugal in 48 (15.3%)...

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Oral hairy leukoplakia in 71 HIV-seropositive patients: Clinical symptoms, relation to immunologic status, and prognostic significance

Cited by 42 publications

References 52 publications

Oral Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Positive Individuals: Review and Role of Mucosal Immunity

Oral Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Positive Individuals: Review and Role of Mucosal Immunity

The Advantages of Oral Cytopathology in the Early Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS: Three Case Reports

Lesiones orales asociadas con la infección por VIH/sida en individuos sin tratamiento antirretroviral en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá

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