Oral Piercing and Oral Diseases: A Short Time Retrospective Study

Abstract

Body piercing indicates the puncturing of a part of the body in which jewelry may be worn. In recent years, oral piercing is increasingly popular especially among young people. Body piercing has to be considered as a surgical procedure to all intents and purposes and, as such, has to be performed only by qualified personnel able to assure high standards of professionalism in facilities subject to sanitary inspections.The aim of the present work is to verify what risks patients may be exposed to and what complications may occur after a healthcare professional performs oral piercing.Our retrospective study includes 108 patients (74 males and 34 females) aged between 14 and 39 years, who had oral piercing done 12±4 months earlier. All the patients underwent clinical examination to reveal the possible presence of late complications. After piercing, none of the 108 patients developed widespread complications.Although all patients said they had followed the piercers' instructions, 96% of them reported postoperative local complications such as bleeding within 12 hours of piercing (90%), perilesional edema for 3±2 days after piercing surgery (80%), and persistent mucosal atrophy (70%).

Retrospective Analysis of the Correlation Between the Facial Biotype and the Inclination of the Upper Canine Cusp Axis to the Occlusal Plane

“…Some modern techniques are trying to use the physiological commitment of resident stem cells to improve osteogenesis in orthodontic and orthopedic treatments (24)(25)(26)(27)(28). In fact, many cases of impacted teeth recognize different causes, apart from the skeletal ones, such as syndromic conditions (29,30), gingival overgrowth (31) or mechanical locking (32). Among the 23 subjects recruited, 5 of them showed values included in the range 25°-45° (indication for surgical-orthodontic treatment) and 1 showed an inclination >45° (some doubt as to surgical orthodontic treatment).…”

Oral piercing and its implications on the health of oral tissues: Aesthetics or mutilation?

“…Some wear it as a memory of an event mostly traumatic. 2,3 The prevalence of oral and/or peri-oral piercings varies from 0.8% to 12%, resulting in a mean prevalence of 5.2% as reported by Hennequin et al 3 Oral piercing is more common in the oral tissues such as the tongue (5.6%) which is the most frequent site followed by the lips (1.5%), the cheeks (0.1%) and rarely the uvula. [3][4][5] Other sites include floor of the mouth, gingiva, and frenums.…”

“…Piercing is considered as a way to display a cool and trendy personality or as a form of selfexpression and identification or as daring act while few do it for decoration or esthetics. 1,2 It is also a part of some religious beliefs or traditional issues to denote marital status, or identity with a specific ethnic group dating back to antiquity. Some wear it as a memory of an event mostly traumatic.…”

“…3 However, few authors report piercing to be more common in males. 2 Jewelry used for piercing are usually made up of metals such as stainless steel, 14 or 18 karat gold, niobium, titanium, platinum, palladium or metal alloy. Recently synthetic materials like teflon, nylon or plastic have been used.…”

Metals Used in Maxillofacial Surgery

“…In addition, gold dental prostheses have a long-life cycle. Reported complications may include, among others, migration, extrusion, and allergy (17)(18)(19)(20). In most recent years aesthetic concerns and cost made gold a less popular prosthesis than in the past and thus these types of implants have been replaced by cheaper and more biocompatible materials.…”