Organic coatings and ontogenetic particle selection in Streblospio benedicti Webster (Spionidae: Polychaeta)

Mahon, Heidi K.; Dauer, Daniel M.

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2005.03.003

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This change in the relative size of sediment grains to body size has been shown to be important for animals feeding on sediment grains; ontogenetic changes in deposit feeding have been observed in polychaetes (Hentschel, 1998;Mahon and Dauer, 2005) and clams (Rossi et al, 2004). Because limited gut volume accompanies small body size, juvenile deposit feeders select for small, high-nutrient food particles (Penry and Jumars, 1990), including higher nutrient microalgae (Hentschel, 1998;Rossi et al, 2004).…”

Section: Ontogenetic Effects On Burrowingmentioning

confidence: 99%

It's tough to be small: dependence of burrowing kinematics on body size

Che

Dorgan

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYBurrowing marine infauna are morphologically diverse and range in size over several orders of magnitude. Whilst effects of ontogenetic and morphological differences on running, flying and swimming are relatively well understood, similar analyses of burrowing mechanics and kinematics are lacking. The polychaete Nereis virens Sars extends its burrow by fracture, using an eversible pharynx to exert force on the walls of the burrow. The resulting stress is amplified at the anterior tip of the burrow, which extends when the stress exceeds the fracture toughness of the material. Here we show that the polychaete Cirriformia moorei extends its burrow by a similar mechanism, but by using its hydrostatic skeleton rather than an eversible pharynx. Based on the dimensionless wedge number, which relates work of fracture to work to maintain body shape against the elasticity of sediment, we predicted that smaller worms would exhibit behaviors characteristic of tougher sediments and that scaling of kinematics would reflect decreasing difficulty in fracturing sediment with increasing body size. We found that smaller worms were relatively blunter and thicker, and had a greater variation of thickness than larger worms as they burrowed. Although these kinematic differences increase the stress amplification at the crack tip, smaller worms still generate lower stress intensity factors. The greater relative body thickness and shape changes of smaller worms are consistent with ontogenetic changes in forces exerted by earthworms, and are likely driven by the challenge of exerting enough stress to extend a crack with a small body size. Supplementary material available online at

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Section: Ontogenetic Effects On Burrowingmentioning

confidence: 99%

It's tough to be small: dependence of burrowing kinematics on body size

Che

Dorgan

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Accordingly, the estimation of its degradation rate may prove difficult when bio-irrigators, introducing oxygen into the sediment, are present. Another drawback of chl a is that sediment reworking can be biased due to positive selection of chl a rich particles during feeding (Taghon 1982, Lopez & Levington 1987, Mahon & Dauer 2005. Moreover, the concentration of chl a is significantly affected during its transit through animals' guts (Abele-Oeschger & Theede 1991), which complicates its use in the case of non-local transport associated with feeding (e.g.…”

Section: Pbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of sediment reworking rates in bioturbation research: a review

Maire¹,

Lécroart²,

Meysman³

et al. 2008

Aquat. Biol.

111

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This review lists and discusses the different methods currently available to assess sediment reworking by benthic infauna. Direct methods are used to estimate the amount of sediment transported by infauna at the sediment-water interface during a given period of time. Particle-tracer methods are used to quantify the vertical distribution of particle tracers within the sediment column. Tracers are classified based on their mode of introduction at the sediment -water interface (i.e. whether they occur naturally or are deliberately introduced at the onset of the experiment). The main characteristics of each method, including modelling aspects, are presented, and their respective advantages and drawbacks are outlined with a particular emphasis on their accuracy, spatial (i.e. both horizontal and vertical) and temporal resolutions. Direct and particle-tracer methods assess different components of sediment reworking. Selection of the most appropriate approach depends on the specific question(s) to be answered, as well as other factors, including the behaviour of the organisms studied, the spatial and temporal scales considered, and whether the experiments are carried out in situ or under controlled laboratory conditions.

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“…Ciliated cells underlie several annelid sensory modalities (including vision, mechanoreception, and chemoreception) that are processed by the central nervous system (Mill, 1978). Among these senses, chemoreception modulates a variety of ecologically important behaviors including spawning (Hardege et al, 1996;Hardege and Bentley, 1997;Hardege, 1999), possibly spermataphore transfer in spionids (Rice, 1978(Rice, , 1991, larval settlement (reviewed by Qian, 1999), juvenile postsettlement movement (Woodin et al, 1995), and feeding (Copeland and Weiman, 1924;Rullier, 1950;Ferner and Jumars, 1999;Kihslinger and Woodin, 2000;Riordan and Lindsay, 2002;Mahon and Dauer, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of serotonin and FMRFamide‐like immunoreactivity in palp sensory structures and the anterior nervous system of spionid polychaetes

Forest

Lindsay

2007

Journal of Morphology

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Evidence suggests that ciliated sensory structures on the feeding palps of spionid polychaetes may function as chemoreceptors to modulate deposit-feeding activity. To investigate the probable sensory nature of these ciliated cells, we used immunohistochemistry, epi-fluorescence, and confocal laser scanning microscopy to label and image sensory cells, nerves, and their organization relative to the anterior central nervous system in several spionid polychaete species. Antibodies directed against acetylated alphatubulin were used to label the nervous system and detail the innervation of palp sensory cells in all species. In addition, the distribution of serotonin (5-HT) and FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity was compared in the spionid polychaetes Dipolydora quadrilobata and Pygospio elegans. The distribution of serotonin immunoreactivity was also examined in the palps of Polydora cornuta and Streblospio benedicti. Serotonin immunoreactivity was concentrated in cells underlying the food groove of the palps, in the palp nerves, and in the cerebral ganglion. FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity was associated with the cerebral ganglia, nuchal organs and palp nerves, and also with the perikarya of ciliated sensory cells on the palps.

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Organic coatings and ontogenetic particle selection in Streblospio benedicti Webster (Spionidae: Polychaeta)

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

It's tough to be small: dependence of burrowing kinematics on body size

It's tough to be small: dependence of burrowing kinematics on body size

Quantification of sediment reworking rates in bioturbation research: a review

Observations of serotonin and FMRFamide‐like immunoreactivity in palp sensory structures and the anterior nervous system of spionid polychaetes

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