Organically modified inorganic sol-gel materials for second-order nonlinear optics

Lee, Rong-Ho; Hsiue, Ging‐Ho; Jeng, Ru‐Jong

doi:10.1002/1097-4628(20010307)79:10<1852::aid-app140>3.0.co;2-v

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…3). Two major absorption peaks were observed and assigned to monohydroxy-substituted silica (T 2 ) and nonhydroxy-substituted silica (T 3 ) [26]. The stronger absorption intensity of T 3 indicates that most of the silicons are bound to three other silicons through the oxygen bridges for the PIA50 sample, whereas the weak absorption peak of T 2 indicates that the content of silanol groups is extremely low.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic/Inorganic NLO materials based on reactive polyimides and a bulky alkoxysilane dye via sol/Gel process

Jeng

Hung

Chen

et al. 2003

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A series of the organic±inorganic materials based on reactive polyimides and a bulky alkoxysilane dye (ASD) for second-order nonlinear optics have been developed. Sol-gel reaction of ASDs is utilized to grow a network in polymer matrices (composite) or to create inter-polymer network among polyimide chains (hybrid). Moreover, a full interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) was formed through simultaneous free radical polymerization of a methacryloyl group containing polyimide, and sol-gel process of ASDs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicate that the inorganic networks are distributed uniformly throughout the polymer matrices on the molecular scale. The silica particle sizes are well under 1 mm based on AFM study. Second harmonic coefficients, d 33 of 4.5 to 48.5 pm/V have been obtained for the optically clear poled/cured polyimide/ASD samples. Excellent temporal stability was obtained for these NLO materials at 100°C. The dynamic thermal and temporal stabilities of the IPN system were much better than those of composite and hybrid systems. FIGURE 1. Chemical structures of (a) PIA, (b) PIB and (c) PIC samples. SCHEME 1. Synthesis of the alkoxysilane dye (ASD). Organic/Inorganic NLO Materials / 69 FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of the cured (a) PIA90, (b) PIA50 and (c) PIA10 samples.FIGURE 7. SEM mapping micrographs of the cured (a) PIA90, (b) PIA50 and (c) PIA10 samples. Organic/Inorganic NLO Materials / 73 FIGURE 10. Temperature-dependence of the dipole reorientational dynamics of the poled/cured PIA50, PIB50 and PIC50 samples.FIGURE 11. Temporal behavior of the effective second harmonic coef®cient for the poled/cured (a) PIA/ASD, (b) PIB/ASD and (c) PIC/ASD samples at 100°C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic/Inorganic NLO materials based on reactive polyimides and a bulky alkoxysilane dye via sol/Gel process

Jeng

Hung

Chen

et al. 2003

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Reactive groups such as amino [6][7][8] and thiol [9][10][11] groups are some of the most commonly used, having a nucleophilic nature. Electrophilic reactive groups such as epoxide [12][13][14] and isocyanate [15][16][17] are also widely used. These versatile reactive groups have high reactivity, which allows us to achieve high reliability in various applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 13 C NMR spectrum of 2, a signal at Si NMR spectrum supported efficient condensation of the siloxane part. A signal of À42 ppm, assigned to monoalkyltrialkoxy-substituted silicon, disappeared, and broad signals from À57 to À68 ppm, attributable to T 2 and T 3 silicon, appeared to confirm the formation of the corresponding siloxane network having DTC moieties.…”

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confidence: 95%

Cascade chemical transformation of five‐membered cyclic dithiocarbonate in a networked polysiloxane layer on a silicate surface

Uenishi

Morikawa

Sudo

et al. 2007

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…In recent years, preparation of hybrid organic–inorganic composites has attracted much interest because such hybrid may show controllable properties such as thermal, optical, electrical, optoelectronic, and mechanical behaviors by combining the properties of both inorganic glasses and organic polymers. Hybrid organic–inorganic materials have become an area of intense research, focusing on applications such as optic and electronic materials, biochemical sensors, catalyst, adsorbents, solid electrolytes, contact lenses, solar cell, and biomedical 1–5. Only recently, hybrid materials have become membrane materials 6–15.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(methyl methacrylate)/SIO₂ hybrid membranes: Effect of solvents on structural and thermal properties

Zulfikar

Mohammad

Kadhum

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:In this paper, hybrid organic-inorganic membranes were prepared using three different solvents and characterized. The hybrid membranes were fabricated using sol-gel technique, which had polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as materials, with 80/20 ratio. The thin films were then characterized using FTIR, SEM, EDX, and mapping techniques. From the preliminary characterization, hybrid membranes were found to have nano and ultra scale tight-pores ranges, which was influenced by the solvent used. The SEM images clearly show that hybrid membranes have homogenous and smooth surface. FTIR spectroscopy uncovered all the signature peaks characteristic of silicate structures in the nearsurface regions. Fingerprints of SiOOOSi groups in cyclic and linear molecular substructures were also present. From DSC analysis, the T g value of the PMMA moieties in hybrids membranes was in the order H-15-Toluene Ͻ Pure PMMA Ͻ H-15-THF Ͻ H-15-DMF. Furthermore, from TGA analysis it was found that the hybrid membranes have higher thermal stability compared with that of pure PMMA. EDX and mapping analysis showed that the composition and distribution of particles in the membranes were different and dependent on the solvents used.

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Organically modified inorganic sol-gel materials for second-order nonlinear optics

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Organic/Inorganic NLO materials based on reactive polyimides and a bulky alkoxysilane dye via sol/Gel process

Organic/Inorganic NLO materials based on reactive polyimides and a bulky alkoxysilane dye via sol/Gel process

Cascade chemical transformation of five‐membered cyclic dithiocarbonate in a networked polysiloxane layer on a silicate surface

Poly(methyl methacrylate)/SIO₂ hybrid membranes: Effect of solvents on structural and thermal properties

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Organically modified inorganic sol-gel materials for second-order nonlinear optics

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Organic/Inorganic NLO materials based on reactive polyimides and a bulky alkoxysilane dye via sol/Gel process

Organic/Inorganic NLO materials based on reactive polyimides and a bulky alkoxysilane dye via sol/Gel process

Cascade chemical transformation of five‐membered cyclic dithiocarbonate in a networked polysiloxane layer on a silicate surface

Poly(methyl methacrylate)/SIO2 hybrid membranes: Effect of solvents on structural and thermal properties

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Poly(methyl methacrylate)/SIO₂ hybrid membranes: Effect of solvents on structural and thermal properties