Origin of Human Motor Readiness Field Linked to Left Middle Frontal Gyrus by MEG and PET

Pedersen, J. R.; Johannsen, Peter; Bak, C. K.; Kofoed, B.; Saermark, K.; Gjedde, Albert

doi:10.1006/nimg.1998.0362

Cited by 75 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This has been supported by PET-scans of tasks in which the generated response was strictly motoric (Pardo, Fox, & Raichle, 1991). The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has popularly been named the`center of initiative' as the activity here seems to precede the actual execution of the activity (Pedersen et al, 1998). So the left prefrontal cortex may be related to the initiating component of the Verbal Fluency test whereas the activation of the temporal cortex may represent the semantic component.…”

Section: The Verbal Fluency Testmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Using a written version Pendleton, Heaton, Lehman, and Hulihan (1982) con®rmed this, but also indicated a sensitivity to focal lesions with other localizations, especially diffuse lesions. The Verbal Fluency test did not differentiate between patients with frontal lobe dementia and Alzheimer patients (Pasquier, Lebert, Lavenu, & Petit, 1998), probably due to the de®cits in semantic memory associated with temporal lobe pathology in Alzheimer patients.…”

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confidence: 81%

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Putative Tests of Frontal Lobe Function: A PET-Study of Brain Activation During Stroop's Test and Verbal Fluency

Ravnkilde¹,

Videbech²,

Rosenberg³

et al. 2002

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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108

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Stroop's test and the Verbal Fluency test are commonly argued to be measures of the integrity of the prefrontal cortex. This assumption has only to some degree been con®rmed by lesion studies. In the present study, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with H 2 15O was used to further validate Stroop's test and the Verbal Fluency as measures of frontal lobe function; both tests were implemented as activation paradigms during scanning of normal middleaged individuals. Stroop interference was found to activate the left anterior cingulate cortex, the supplementary motor cortex, thalamus, and the cerebellum. Although the prominent anterior cingulate activation is in the frontal lobe, it is not prefrontal. Verbal Fluency activated the left inferior frontal cortex and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the supplementary motor cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex and the cerebellum. These results bring this latter test closer to being a speci®c test of prefrontal function.

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Section: The Verbal Fluency Testmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Putative Tests of Frontal Lobe Function: A PET-Study of Brain Activation During Stroop's Test and Verbal Fluency

Ravnkilde¹,

Videbech²,

Rosenberg³

et al. 2002

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

Self Cite

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using a real-time MEG-based BCI system, Buch et al (2008) enabled individuals with hand paralysis to control the opening and closing of a hand orthosis by modulating their sensorimotor rhythm with imagined hand movement. Our study focused on the time domain signal of MEG recording, which could be related to the lateralized Bereitschaftspotential (LBP)/readiness potential and readiness field (Deecke et al 1982;Kornhuber and Deecke 1965;Pedersen et al 1998;Takahashi et al 2004). It was suggested that characteristics of LBP could be modulated by various movement parameters (Birbaumer et al 1990), and several groups have shown that laterality of intended movement can be decoded reliably from LBP (Brunia and van den Bosch 1984;Coles et al 1990).…”

Section: Decoding Intended Movement Direction From Meg Signals Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding and Cortical Source Localization for Intended Movement Direction With MEG

Wang

Sudre

et al. 2010

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Wang W, Sudre GP, Xu Y, Kass RE, Collinger JL, Degenhart AD, Bagic AI, Weber DJ. Decoding and cortical source localization for intended movement direction with MEG. J Neurophysiol 104: 2451-2461. First published August 25, 2010 doi:10.1152/jn.00239.2010. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) enables a noninvasive interface with the brain that is potentially capable of providing movement-related information similar to that obtained using more invasive neural recording techniques. Previous studies have shown that movement direction can be decoded from multichannel MEG signals recorded in humans performing wrist movements. We studied whether this information can be extracted without overt movement of the subject, because the targeted users of brain-controlled interface (BCI) technology are those with severe motor disabilities. The objectives of this study were twofold: 1) to decode intended movement direction from MEG signals recorded during the planning period before movement onset and during imagined movement and 2) to localize cortical sources modulated by intended movement direction. Ten able-bodied subjects performed both overt and imagined wrist movement while their cortical activities were recorded using a whole head MEG system. The intended movement direction was decoded using linear discriminant analysis and a Bayesian classifier. Minimum current estimation (MCE) in combination with a bootstrapping procedure enabled source-space statistical analysis, which showed that the contralateral motor cortical area was significantly modulated by intended movement direction, and this modulation was the strongest ϳ100 ms before the onset of overt movement. These results suggest that it is possible to study cortical representation of specific movement information using MEG, and such studies may aid in presurgical localization of optimal sites for implanting electrodes for BCI systems.

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“…Additionally, Nybo and Nielsen (2001) found a significant correlation between the RPEs and prefrontal cortex activity. The prefrontal cortex is most likely involved in the initiation of volitional movements (Nowak et al, 1999;Pedersen et al, 1998). The activity (oxygenation) of the prefrontal cortex increases with increase in exercise intensity (Ide et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Exertion is Not Necessarily Associated with Altered Brain Activity during Exercise

Shibuya

Ueda

Sato

et al. 2009

J Physiol Anthropol

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Previous studies have investigated the relationship between prefrontal cortex activation and perceived exertion during prolonged exercise. However, the effect of perceived exertion on prefrontal cortex activity is confounded by exercise intensity. Therefore, the changes in prefrontal cortex activity in response to perceived exertion remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the activation (oxygenation) of the prefrontal cortex and perceived exertion during constant work-rate elbow-flexion exercise with or without muscle-spindle stimulation. Ten healthy, right-handed subjects participated in the study. Nearinfrared spectroscopy with probes positioned over the prefrontal cortex measured its activation throughout elbowflexion exercise. Subjects performed sustained elbow-flexion exercise at 25-35% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) with or without muscle-spindle stimulation (vibration), which can decrease perceived exertion. The ratings of perceived exertion were significantly lower during exercise with vibration (Ex-Vib) than during exercise without vibration (Ex) (pϽ0.05). The oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex during Ex-Vib did not significantly differ from that during Ex (pϾ0.05). These results indicated that perceived exertion was not necessarily associated with prefrontal cortex activation during exercise.

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Origin of Human Motor Readiness Field Linked to Left Middle Frontal Gyrus by MEG and PET

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Putative Tests of Frontal Lobe Function: A PET-Study of Brain Activation During Stroop's Test and Verbal Fluency

Putative Tests of Frontal Lobe Function: A PET-Study of Brain Activation During Stroop's Test and Verbal Fluency

Decoding and Cortical Source Localization for Intended Movement Direction With MEG

Perceived Exertion is Not Necessarily Associated with Altered Brain Activity during Exercise

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