Orthogonal Collision of Particles Produces New Physical State

Qian, Weihong

doi:10.4236/jmp.2022.1311089

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Objectively describing this dynamical process using mathematical methods, the result obtained is valuable, and its explanation is physically meaningful, not the result of a mathematical game. In this paper, the principle of the orthogonal collision collider [34] was used to obtain a huge energy density from two mass particles collided. The two mass particles originally collided will split into N new particles (forming a new state of matter), each of which has energy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the orthogonal collider, we have examined the new state of matter generated by the orthographic collision of two particles [34]. The particle (or electron) collider is a case of the micro world, while the collision of two cars is a case of the macro world.…”

Section: Mass-energy Conversion Under Orthogonal Collision Of Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The particle (or electron) collider is a case of the micro world, while the collision of two cars is a case of the macro world. The centripetal forces after passing through the linear accelerator and annular cavity before the collision of two high energetic particles are [34],…”

Section: Mass-energy Conversion Under Orthogonal Collision Of Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Physical Interpretation of Mass-Energy Equivalence Based on the Orthogonal Collision

Qian¹

2023

JMP

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Einstein described the mass-energy equivalence as the most important result of special relativity. But more than a century after Einstein first derived the relationship between mass-energy equivalence (or mass-energy equation), questions left for people are how to understand that mass and energy are somehow equivalent, and how to give the dynamical process for the conversion from mass to energy (or vice versa). This paper first interprets the formula of mass-energy equivalence published by Einstein in 1905, and then gives the equivalence relationship of mass-energy transition based on the dynamics of particle orthogonal collision. As a result, the orthogonal collision of two high-energy mass particles can generate a huge mass-energy density, equivalent to the total energy of N new particles, which is a one-way dynamic process that generates new mass-energy density and new matter. This conversion of mass into energy has nothing to do with special relativity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mass-energy Conversion Under Orthogonal Collision Of Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Physical Interpretation of Mass-Energy Equivalence Based on the Orthogonal Collision

Qian¹

2023

JMP

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“…Current colliders are used to producing higher energies and tried to form new matter through a head-on collision. Since head-on collisions are linear ones, the formed energy is limited and predictable [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Physical Explanation for the Formation of Auroras

Qian¹

2023

JMP

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What mechanism causes the symmetrical distribution of two oval-ring auroras approximately around the geomagnetic poles but uneven brightness distribution of them? To answer this question, we firstly describe the charged particles like electrons or protons emitted from the Sun and the magnetic ions formed in the Earth's atmosphere. Then, the interaction dynamics of two-type particles between electron and ion is given under the non-relativistic limit. Finally, under the relativistic frame, auroras deduced are higher energy density formed by the orthogonal interaction of solar charged particles and geomagnetic ions in the narrow regions centered on the upper geomagnetic poles. The physical nature of ideal oval-ring auroras with uneven brightness distribution is an optical phenomenon that occurs when solar charged particles collide orthogonally with ions and the magnetic axis inclines to the solar radiation. For actual aurora distribution, the impact of multiple factors is discussed. Therefore, the aurora is a natural illustration of an orthogonal collider in the Earth's upper atmosphere.

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“…To obtain a high massenergy density, a device for the orthogonal collision of two beams of particles should be used to instead of the conventional device of collisions along a straight line, namely the head-on collision. In fact, during a total solar eclipse, the enhanced bright spots around the Sun are an excellent experiment for particle collisions naturally or a natural orthogonal collider [33]. For another optical phenomenon, the Earth's aurora is formed from the orthogonal collision of solar charged particles with geomagnetic ions at the upper atmosphere near the two poles [34].…”

Section: Conflicts Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Physical Nature of Einstein’s Gravitational Lensing Effect

Qian¹

2023

JHEPGC

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Gravitational lensing has become a powerful research tool for exploring the distribution of matter and energy in the universe nowadays, as glare phenomena around the Sun and massive galaxies are indeed observed on the Earth. What is the physical nature of gravitational lensing effect? Both Newton's law of gravitation and Einstein's theory of relativity are difficult to physically explain these glare phenomena. This study points out that the observed glare around the Sun and large galaxies is a result or product of the orthogonal interaction of high-energy particles emitted from different star light sources. It shows a new physical state associated with abnormal high mass-energy density.

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Orthogonal Collision of Particles Produces New Physical State

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

A Physical Interpretation of Mass-Energy Equivalence Based on the Orthogonal Collision

A Physical Interpretation of Mass-Energy Equivalence Based on the Orthogonal Collision

A Physical Explanation for the Formation of Auroras

On the Physical Nature of Einstein’s Gravitational Lensing Effect

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