OsNAC2 integrates auxin and cytokinin pathways to modulate rice root development

Mao, Chanjuan; He, Jianmei; Liu, Lina; Deng, Qilan; Yao, Xuefeng; Liu, Chunming; Qiao, Yongli; Li, Peng; Ming, Feng

doi:10.1111/pbi.13209

Cited by 156 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Schaller et al (Schaller et al, 2014) listed three possible explanations of differing, positive or negative regulatory roles of CKs in the process of cell division. The first two are the presence of additional specific regulators or other signals, which have also been reported by others (Reid et al, 2016; Mao et al, 2019), and the third possibility is the level of cytokinin activity. Involvement of additional specific regulators in differentiating the regulatory roles of CKs is also plausible in our case.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

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Silencing ofTaCKX1mediates expression of otherTaCKXgenes to increase grain yield in wheat

Jabłoński

Ogonowska

Szala

et al. 2020

Preprint

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TaCKX family genes influence development of wheat plants by specific regulation of cytokinin content in different organs. However, their detailed role is not known. The TaCKX1, highly and specifically expressed in developing spikes and in seedling roots, was silenced by RNAi-mediated gene silencing via Agrobacterium and the effect of silencing was investigated in 7 DAP spikes of T1 and T2 generations. Various levels of TaCKX1 silencing in both generations influence different models of co-expression with other TaCKX genes and parameters of yield-related traits. Only a high level of silencing in T2 resulted in strong down-regulation of TaCKX11 (3), up-regulation of TaCKX2.1, 2.2, 5 and 9 (10), and a high yielding phenotype. This phenotype is characterised by higher spike number, grain number and grain yield, as well as slightly higher mass of seedling roots, but lower thousand grain weight (TGW) and slightly lower spike length. Content of most of cytokinin forms in 7 DAP spikes of silenced T2 lines increased from 40 to 76% compared to the non-silenced control. The CKs cross talk with other phytohormones.Each of the tested yield-related traits is regulated by various up- or down-regulated TaCKX genes and phytohormones. Unexpectedly, increased expression of TaCKX2.1 in silent for TaCKX1 T2 plants up-regulated trans- and cis-zeatin and trans-zeatin glucosides, determining lower TGW and chlorophyll content in flag leaves but higher grain yield. The coordinated effect of TaCKX1 silencing on expression of other TaCKX genes, phytohormone levels in 7 DAP spikes and yield-related traits in silenced T2 lines is presented.One-sentence summaryDifferent levels of TaCKX1 silencing influence various models of coordinated expression of TaCKX genes and phytohormone levels in 7 DAP spikes, as well as yield parameters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Some CKX genes might be induced by transcription factors (Reid et al, 2016; Mao et al, 2019). An important role of some NAC transcription factors in regulation of TaCKX expression and subsequent organ development has also been documented in our not yet published results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing ofTaCKX1mediates expression of otherTaCKXgenes to increase grain yield in wheat

Jabłoński

Ogonowska

Szala

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Most recently, Mao et al () investigated the role of NAC transcription factors on root development in rice. Using both down‐regulated (RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 lines) and overexpression of OsNAC2 , they showed that OsNAC2 is a negative regulator of root growth, reducing both crown root number and root length.…”

Section: Ckx Is Associated With Root Growth and Mineral Enrichment Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such cases, when gain of function of the target genes is required, mutations of the upstream regulators of the target gene could be used. For instance, Mao et al () were able to enhance the OsCKX4 function in rice by down‐regulating its inactivator, NAC29.…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinin dehydrogenase: a genetic target for yield improvement in wheat

Chen

Zhao

Song

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

113

131

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J.S.)) and (Tel +64 275553582; email paula.jameson@canterbury.ac.nz (P.E.J.)) SummaryThe plant hormone group, the cytokinins, is implicated in both qualitative and quantitative components of yield. Cytokinins have opposing actions in shoot and root growth-actions shown to involve cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX), the enzyme that inactivates cytokinin. We revise and provide unambiguous names for the CKX gene family members in wheat, based on the most recently released wheat genome database, IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 & v2.0. We review expression data of CKX gene family members in wheat, revealing tissue-specific gene family member expression as well as sub-genome-specific expression. Manipulation of CKX in cereals shows clear impacts on yield, root growth and orientation, and Zn nutrition, but this also emphasizes the necessity to unlink promotive effects on grain yield from negative effects of cytokinin on root growth and uptake of mineral nutrients, particularly Zn and Fe. Wheat is the most widely grown cereal crop globally, yet is under-research compared with rice and maize. We highlight gaps in our knowledge of the involvement of CKX for wheat. We also highlight the necessity for accurate analysis of endogenous cytokinins, acknowledging why this is challenging, and provide examples where inadequate analyses of endogenous cytokinins have led to unjustified conclusions. We acknowledge that the allohexaploid nature of bread wheat poses challenges in terms of uncovering useful mutations. However, we predict TILLING followed by whole-exome sequencing will uncover informative mutations and we indicate the potential for stacking mutations within the three genomes to modify yield components. We model a wheat ideotype based on CKX manipulation. 614

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“…Mutation in rice genes regulating auxin distribution and signaling such as CROWN-ROOTLESS4/OsGNOM1 (OsCRL4/OsGNOM1) and PINFORMED1 (OsPIN) display defects in CR development (Kitomi et al 2008, Liu et al 2009. Auxin signaling activates expression of TFs, they, in turn, regulate and integrate the signaling pathway during CR organogenesis , Liu et al 2005, Kitomi et al 2011b, Zhao et al 2009, Coudert et al 2015, Zhang et al, 2018, Lavarenne et al, 2019, Neogy et al, 2019Mao et al, 2020). In this study, we have investigated the global gene network operational during CRP specification and differentiation in rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide High Resolution Expression Map and Functions of Key Cell Fate Determinants Reveal the Dynamics of Crown Root Development in Rice

Garg

Singh

Chennakesavulu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Rice adventitious/crown roots developing from non-root tissues shape up the root architecture.Mechanisms underlying initiation and subsequent outgrowth of CR primordia (CRP) remain under explored. Here, we provide genome-wide dynamics of gene expression patterns and stage-specific transcriptional signatures at distinct developmental stages of CRP formation. Our analyses reveal that early regulated transcription of potential epigenetic modifiers, transcription factors and cell division regulators prime the initiation of CRP followed by progressive activation of auxin signaling modules ensure their outgrowth. In depth analysis of spatio-temporal expression patterns of key cell fate determinants and functional analyses of rice WUSCHEL RELATED HOMEOBOX10 (OsWOX10) and PLETHORA (OsPLT) genes reveal their unprecedented role in CRP development. Our study suggests that OsWOX10 activates OsERF3 and OsCRL1 expression during CRP initiation and OsPLTs expression to accomplish their outgrowth. Interestingly, OsPLT genes, when expressed in the transcriptional domain of root-borne lateral root primordia of Arabidopsis plt mutant, rescued their outgrowth demonstrating the conserved role of PLT genes in root primordia outgrowth irrespective of their developmental origin. Together, these findings unveil the molecular framework of cellular reprogramming during trans-differentiation of shoot tissue to root leading to culmination of robust root architecture in monocot species which got evolutionary diverged from dicots. T.G. performed experiments of LCM, RNA in situ hybridization and OsWOX10 function in rice. Z.S. performed experiments for auxin responses and functions of OsPLT1 and OsPLT4 in rice. A.K.D., R.S.S and M.J. performed RNA sequencing data analysis. M.Y. with T.G. contributed for function of OsWOX10 in Arabidopsis. V.V. studied function of rice PLTs in Arabidopsis. D.C. contributed in LCM experiments. M.J., K.P. and S.R.Y. designed experiments, analyzed data and Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China is acknowledged for kindly providing Arabidopsis wox11-2, wox12-1 and wox11-2 wox12-1 seeds. Ashish Kumar and Sonia Choudhary are acknowledged for their support in growing plants.

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OsNAC2 integrates auxin and cytokinin pathways to modulate rice root development

Cited by 156 publications

References 62 publications

Silencing ofTaCKX1mediates expression of otherTaCKXgenes to increase grain yield in wheat

Silencing ofTaCKX1mediates expression of otherTaCKXgenes to increase grain yield in wheat

Cytokinin dehydrogenase: a genetic target for yield improvement in wheat

Genome-Wide High Resolution Expression Map and Functions of Key Cell Fate Determinants Reveal the Dynamics of Crown Root Development in Rice

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