Ovarian follicular concentration of IL-12, IL-15, IL-18 and p40 subunit of IL-12 and IL-23

Abstract

Follicular fluid collected from spontaneous cycles contains detectable levels of p40 subunit of IL-12/IL-23, IL-15 and IL-18. Increased concentrations of p40 subunit of IL-12/IL-23 in follicles containing oocytes suggest an important role of this cytokine in reproduction. Possible negative value of IL-15 as a predictor of IVF-embryo transfer success remains to be determined.

Serum Amyloid A: Expression Throughout Human Ovarian Folliculogenesis and Levels in Follicular Fluid of Women Undergoing Controlled Ovarian Stimulation

“…However, the increase in SAA concentrations in our patients is modest (up to 100 g/mL), in contrast with levels in the blood during acute phase response or in pathological conditions, which can reach 1000 g/mL and more (1). It is possible that lower SAA concentrations may be found in follicular fluids of patients with unstimulated spontaneous menstrual cycles, as reported for certain cytokines (25). Finally, high follicular SAA concentrations were associated with obesity, reinforcing the suggestion that obese patients have proinflammatory follicular environment (26).…”

Levels of follicular G-CSF and interleukin-15 appear as noninvasive biomarkers of subsequent successful birth in modified natural in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles

“…Independent of FF G-CSF, and so adding value to the model, high levels of IL-15 were found to be predictive of a failure in oocyte retrieval with potential variations from one cycle to another. Poor prognostic values of high FF IL-15 concentrations on subsequent pregnancy rates have been reported in conventional IVF (10,11) and seem predictive of a failure, especially if combined with poor embryo morphology.…”

Cumulus oophorus T cells: a possible source of follicular fluid G-CSF, biomarker predictive for embryo implantation in IVF/ICSI cycles

“…Independent of FF G-CSF, and so adding value to the model, high levels of IL-15 were found to be predictive of a failure in oocyte retrieval with potential variations from one cycle to another. Poor prognostic values of high FF IL-15 concentrations on subsequent pregnancy rates have been reported in conventional IVF (21,22) and seem predictive of a failure, especially if combined with poor embryo morphology. Accordingly, combination of FF G-CSF and FF IL-15 seemed to predict birth with an AUC ROC at 0.85 (P<.0001), but with highest levels of FF G-CSF and lowest levels of FF IL-15.…”