Oxidation protection of carbon fibers by coating with alumina and/or titania using atomic layer deposition

Roy, Amit; Schulze, Steffen; Hietschold, Michael; Goedel, Werner A.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.09.023

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The coating is efficient in slowing down the oxidation of carbon fibers. In our early studies, alumina coating was deposited using aluminum chloride and water as precursors 44,45 . This deposition process was also successful; however, it was difficult to control the aluminum chloride precursor dose due to the solid nature of the aluminum chloride.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomic Layer Deposition of Alumina onto Carbon Fibers

Roy

Baumann

Schulze

et al. 2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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Bundles of carbon fibers were successfully coated with alumina by atomic layer deposition via sequential exposures to trimethylaluminum and water at 77°C. Fibers were not damaged by this procedure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that individual filaments were coated separately with a smooth layer; no bridging of fibers was observed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and SEM images indicate that the coating was conformal and adhered well to the fiber surface. The average deposition rate was 0.25±0.02 nm/cycle, calculated from SEM images obtained at various positions of the fibers and of fibers coated with various numbers of cycles. In addition to image analysis, the coating thickness was as well estimated from the elemental composition of selected parts of a fiber bundle that was coated by 450 cycles. Along the fiber axis, the weight fraction of aluminum of the coated fibers varied from 5.3 to 6.5 wt% and perpendicular to the bundle axis it varied from 4.8 to 7.4 wt%. This translates into a variation of the estimated coating thickness along the fiber from 166 to 126 nm and perpendicular to it from 114 to 183 nm. One can estimate independently an average coating thickness from the analysis of SEM images of this specific bundle of 126 nm. The alumina coating improved oxidation resistance of the carbon fiber significantly. The oxidation onset temperature was 600°C for fibers coated with a 30‐nm‐thick layer of alumina and increased gradually with increasing coating thickness up to 660°C at a thickness of 120 nm. On the other hand, uncoated fibers started to oxidize already at 300°C.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alumina often is deposited via ALD using water and trimethylaluminum as precursors 30,33,35,41,42 . Thus, in this article, we apply ALD to coat carbon fiber bundles with alumina using trimethylaluminum and water as precursors extending a first report of the idea 44,45 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Layer Deposition of Alumina onto Carbon Fibers

Roy

Baumann

Schulze

et al. 2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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“…This result suggested that the alumina nanoparticles affected the thermal stability of the laminate only at higher temperatures decreasing the thermal oxidation of the carbon fibres thus reducing the rate of degradation of the fibres themselves. The anti-oxidizer effect of alumina is also confirmed in literature [54,55].…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alumina nanoparticles on the thermal properties of carbon fibre‐reinforced composites

et al. 2013

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In this work, we investigated the thermal behaviour of a carbon‐fibre composite impregnated with nano‐alumina‐based nanocomposites. First of all, we demonstrated that it is possible to obtain good dispersion and distribution of nanoparticles by mechanical mixing. In all the studied filler percentages, the presence of the ceramic filler did not affect the processability of the blends and the mechanical properties of the composites. First, the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, the fire reaction of the fibre‐reinforced composites was studied at different heat fluxes, by TGA, cone calorimeter and exposure to a direct flame. In presence of an oxidizing hyperthermal environment, the experimental data suggested the role of ceramic particles as anti‐oxidizer agent for the char and the carbon fibres. Moreover, the use of alumina nanoparticles allowed a slight reduction of heat release rate. Particularly at a heat flux of 35 kW/m2, the burnt material containing the higher quantity of nano‐alumina maintained a residual structural integrity because of the higher presence of char that bound together the fibres. To estimate the integrity of the composites after exposure to a direct flame (heat flux 500 kW/m2), mechanical tests were carried out on the burnt specimens. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…25. Details for the microtube formation and structure analysis for these tubes are presented in Ref.…”

Section: Preparation Of Microtubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic layer deposition onto carbon fiber: From single layer deposition via multilayer structure to metal oxide microtubes

Knohl

Roy

Goedel

et al. 2012

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

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Articles you may be interested inAtomic layer deposition TiO2-Al2O3 stack: An improved gate dielectric on Ga-polar GaN metal oxide semiconductor capacitors J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 32, 060602 (2014); 10.1116/1.4897919 Improved oxidation resistance of organic/inorganic composite atomic layer deposition coated cellulose nanocrystal aerogels Surface modification of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes by ozone via atomic layer deposition J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 32, 01A124 (2014); 10.1116/1.4847995Engineering titanium and aluminum oxide composites using atomic layer deposition Layers of alumina, titania and double layers of alumina/titania (and reverse) were deposited onto bundles of carbon fibers in an atomic layer deposition process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the coated carbon fibers revealed that each fiber of a bundle was coated homogenously and separately and that no bridges were formed between the fibers. Transmission electron microscopy and SEM images showed that the coating was conformal, uniform, had a good adhesion to the fiber surface and that the morphology of the coating surface was similar to that of fiber surface. In case of double layers, the average deposition rate of coatings did not depend on the sequence of layer deposition. After coating, the carbon fibers were selectively removed by thermal oxidation in air at temperatures of 550 C and 900 C, leading to metal oxide microtubes.

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Oxidation protection of carbon fibers by coating with alumina and/or titania using atomic layer deposition

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Atomic Layer Deposition of Alumina onto Carbon Fibers

Atomic Layer Deposition of Alumina onto Carbon Fibers

Effect of alumina nanoparticles on the thermal properties of carbon fibre‐reinforced composites

Atomic layer deposition onto carbon fiber: From single layer deposition via multilayer structure to metal oxide microtubes

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